arXiv:2505.10556cs.LGphysics.ao-ph2025-05

用可穿戴设备和污染数据,预测个人对空气污染的生理反应。

An AI-driven framework for the prediction of personalised health response to air pollution

  • 用对抗自编码器融合穿戴设备与环境数据做个体化预测。
  • 污染飙升100%时心率上升2.5%,呼吸频率升3.5%,可被检测到。
  • 适合关注环境健康、慢性病管理及智能医疗的科研与临床人员。

空气污染是日益严重的全球健康威胁,与心血管和呼吸系统疾病相关。尽管个人传感设备可实现实时生理监测,但其与环境数据结合用于个体化健康预测仍不充分。本文提出一种模块化云端框架,通过整合可穿戴设备数据与实时环境暴露信息,预测个体对污染的生理响应。核心采用对抗自编码器(AAE),先在INHALE研究的高分辨率污染-健康数据上训练,再通过迁移学习利用智能手表数据微调,捕捉个体特异性模式。模拟污染峰值(+100%)后,观察到生命体征出现显著变化:心率升高2.5%,呼吸频率升高3.5%。基于U-BIOPRED数据验证发现,这类亚临床体征上升者哮喘负担评分更高或呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)水平升高,证实预测结果具有生理合理性。该集成方法展示了应对环境挑战的前瞻性个性化建模可行性,提供了一种可扩展、安全的AI驱动环境健康监测基础设施。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Air pollution is a growing global health threat, exacerbated by climate change and linked to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. While personal sensing devices enable real-time physiological monitoring, their integration with environmental data for individualised health prediction remains underdeveloped. Here, we present a modular, cloud-based framework that predicts personalised physiological responses to pollution by combining wearable-derived data with real-time environmental exposures. At its core is an Adversarial Autoencoder (AAE), initially trained on high-resolution pollution-health data from the INHALE study and fine-tuned using smartwatch data via transfer learning to capture individual-specific patterns. Consistent with changes in pollution levels commonly observed in the real-world, simulated pollution spikes (+100%) revealed modest but measurable increases in vital signs (e.g., +2.5% heart rate, +3.5% breathing rate). To assess clinical relevance, we analysed U-BIOPRED data and found that individuals with such subclinical vital sign elevations had higher asthma burden scores or elevated Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO), supporting the physiological validity of these AI-predicted responses. This integrative approach demonstrates the feasibility of anticipatory, personalised health modelling in response to environmental challenges, offering a scalable and secure infrastructure for AI-driven environmental health monitoring.

健康预测可穿戴设备环境健康机器学习

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