动态调整基础模型以提升参数压缩效率,显著降低存储成本。
Dynamic Base model Shift for Delta Compression
- 根据目标任务动态选择最优基础模型,优化压缩效果。
- 在极高压缩比下仍保持接近全量模型的性能表现。
- 适配多种模型架构,可无缝集成现有压缩方法。
基于Transformer的预训练-微调范式虽推动了显著进展,但微调后模型的存储与部署成本高昂。增量压缩通过剪枝或量化减少增量参数(即微调模型与预训练模型权重之差)的冗余来降低成本。然而,现有方法默认使用预训练模型作为基础模型,对每个任务进行增量压缩,导致高压缩比下性能严重下降。本文研究不同基础模型对增量压缩性能的影响,发现预训练模型未必最优。为此提出动态基础模型切换(DBMS),在压缩前根据目标任务动态调整基础模型。具体通过学习两个参数——控制基础模型偏移幅度和整体压缩尺度——提升各任务的压缩性能。仅需低成本学习这两个参数,即可在极端高压缩比下保持接近微调模型的性能,显著优于现有方法。此外,DBMS具有通用性,可与多种压缩技术结合,并在语言、视觉及多模态Transformer模型上验证有效。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Transformer-based models with the pretrain-finetune paradigm bring about significant progress, along with the heavy storage and deployment costs of finetuned models on multiple tasks. Delta compression attempts to lower the costs by reducing the redundancy of delta parameters (i.e., the difference between the finetuned and pre-trained model weights) through pruning or quantization. However, existing methods by default employ the pretrained model as the base model and compress the delta parameters for every task, which may causes significant performance degradation, especially when the compression rate is extremely high. To tackle this issue, we investigate the impact of different base models on the performance of delta compression and find that the pre-trained base model can hardly be optimal. To this end, we propose Dynamic Base Model Shift (DBMS), which dynamically adapts the base model to the target task before performing delta compression. Specifically, we adjust two parameters, which respectively determine the magnitude of the base model shift and the overall scale of delta compression, to boost the compression performance on each task. Through low-cost learning of these two parameters, our DBMS can maintain most of the finetuned model's performance even under an extremely high compression ratio setting, significantly surpassing existing methods. Moreover, our DBMS is orthogonal and can be integrated with a variety of other methods, and it has been evaluated across different types of models including language, vision transformer, and multi-modal models.
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