提出基于最优传输的置信度评分,提升无源域自适应性能。
OT Score: An OT based Confidence Score for Prototype-Assisted Source Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
- 利用半离散最优传输构建灵活决策边界,生成置信度评分
- 在无目标标签情况下,置信度评分显著优于现有方法
- 可作训练重加权与模型性能代理,适合无监督场景
针对无源域自适应(SFUDA)中依赖源类别均值特征的分布对齐方法存在的计算与理论局限性,本文关注在无目标标签时估计分类性能与置信度的问题。现有理论框架常导致计算不可行且无法准确反映对齐算法特性。为此,我们提出基于最优传输(OT)的置信度评分,其源于对半离散最优传输对齐所诱导决策边界灵活性的新理论分析。该评分直观可解释且理论严谨,可为任意目标伪标签集提供合理不确定性估计。实验表明,该评分优于现有置信度方法;通过训练时重加权,进一步提升SFUDA性能,并提供可靠、无需标签的模型性能代理。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We address the computational and theoretical limitations of current distributional alignment methods for source-free unsupervised domain adaptation (SFUDA) using source class-mean features. In particular, we focus on estimating classification performance and confidence in the absence of target labels. Current theoretical frameworks for these methods often yield computationally intractable quantities and fail to adequately reflect the properties of the alignment algorithms employed. To overcome these challenges, we introduce the Optimal Transport (OT) score, a confidence metric derived from a novel theoretical analysis that exploits the flexibility of decision boundaries induced by Semi-Discrete Optimal Transport alignment. The proposed OT score is intuitively interpretable and theoretically rigorous. It provides principled uncertainty estimates for any given set of target pseudo-labels. Experimental results demonstrate that OT score outperforms existing confidence scores. Moreover, it improves SFUDA performance through training-time reweighting and provides a reliable, label-free proxy for model performance.
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