arXiv:2505.11802cs.LGcs.AI2025-05KDD被引 4

用扩散模型解决医疗数据缺失和视图懒惰问题,提升多模态预测效果。

Diffmv: A Unified Diffusion Framework for Healthcare Predictions with Random Missing Views and View Laziness

  • 基于扩散模型统一处理多源医疗数据,逐步对齐与转换视图。
  • 在三个真实数据集上实现多任务预测性能提升,有效应对随机缺失。
  • 提出新重加权策略,促进各视图均衡利用,适合临床预测场景。

先进医疗预测通过预测分析显著改善患者预后。现有方法主要利用电子健康记录(EHR)的多种视图(如诊断、检验、临床文本)进行训练,通常假设所有视图完整且模型能充分挖掘各视图潜力。然而现实中存在随机缺失视图和视图懒惰两大挑战,制约多视图利用。为此,我们提出Diffmv,一种基于扩散的生成框架,以推进EHR多视图数据的深度利用。针对随机缺失,将不同视图整合进统一的扩散去噪框架,引入多样上下文条件,实现渐进式对齐与视图转换;为缓解视图懒惰,提出新颖重加权策略,评估各视图相对优势,推动模型中各视图的均衡使用。该方法在三个主流数据集上的多个健康预测任务中表现优异,涵盖多视图与多模态场景。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Advanced healthcare predictions offer significant improvements in patient outcomes by leveraging predictive analytics. Existing works primarily utilize various views of Electronic Health Record (EHR) data, such as diagnoses, lab tests, or clinical notes, for model training. These methods typically assume the availability of complete EHR views and that the designed model could fully leverage the potential of each view. However, in practice, random missing views and view laziness present two significant challenges that hinder further improvements in multi-view utilization. To address these challenges, we introduce Diffmv, an innovative diffusion-based generative framework designed to advance the exploitation of multiple views of EHR data. Specifically, to address random missing views, we integrate various views of EHR data into a unified diffusion-denoising framework, enriched with diverse contextual conditions to facilitate progressive alignment and view transformation. To mitigate view laziness, we propose a novel reweighting strategy that assesses the relative advantages of each view, promoting a balanced utilization of various data views within the model. Our proposed strategy achieves superior performance across multiple health prediction tasks derived from three popular datasets, including multi-view and multi-modality scenarios.

医疗预测扩散模型多视图学习

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