arXiv:2505.12788cs.AI2025-05被引 1

提出可解释的多跳推理方法MT-Path,提升时间知识图谱预测能力。

Mixture Policy based Multi-Hop Reasoning over N-tuple Temporal Knowledge Graphs

  • 用混合策略选择动作,融合三类信息进行路径探索。
  • 在多个数据集上超越现有方法,最高提升12.3%准确率。
  • 适合需要可解释性的时序推理场景,如医疗诊断、金融预测。

时间知识图谱(TKG)用四元组(主体,谓词,客体,时间戳)描述时序事实,已受广泛关注。N元时间知识图谱(N-TKG)进一步扩展传统TKG,通过n元组引入辅助元素,以更细粒度表示事实。对N-TKG的推理旨在基于历史事实预测未来潜在事实。然而,现有方法多为黑箱模型,缺乏可解释性。为此,本文提出基于强化学习的MT-Path方法,利用时间信息遍历历史n元组并构建时间推理路径。为整合n元组内信息——即谓词中的实体无关信息、核心元素信息及完整事实信息——MT-Path采用混合策略驱动的动作选择器,包含谓词聚焦、核心元素聚焦与全事实聚焦三种低级策略。此外,引入辅助元素感知的GCN以捕捉事实间的丰富语义依赖,使智能体深入理解每个n元组。实验表明,MT-Path在多个基准数据集上均表现优异,且具备良好可解释性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs), which utilize quadruples in the form of (subject, predicate, object, timestamp) to describe temporal facts, have attracted extensive attention. N-tuple TKGs (N-TKGs) further extend traditional TKGs by utilizing n-tuples to incorporate auxiliary elements alongside core elements (i.e., subject, predicate, and object) of facts, so as to represent them in a more fine-grained manner. Reasoning over N-TKGs aims to predict potential future facts based on historical ones. However, existing N-TKG reasoning methods often lack explainability due to their black-box nature. Therefore, we introduce a new Reinforcement Learning-based method, named MT-Path, which leverages the temporal information to traverse historical n-tuples and construct a temporal reasoning path. Specifically, in order to integrate the information encapsulated within n-tuples, i.e., the entity-irrelevant information within the predicate, the information about core elements, and the complete information about the entire n-tuples, MT-Path utilizes a mixture policy-driven action selector, which bases on three low-level policies, namely, the predicate-focused policy, the core-element-focused policy and the whole-fact-focused policy. Further, MT-Path utilizes an auxiliary element-aware GCN to capture the rich semantic dependencies among facts, thereby enabling the agent to gain a deep understanding of each n-tuple. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and the explainability of MT-Path.

知识图谱时序推理强化学习可解释性

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