arXiv:2505.12808cs.CLcs.LG2025-05ACL被引 2

用众模型互评机制,实现高效无偏的LLM评估

Decentralized Arena: Towards Democratic and Scalable Automatic Evaluation of Language Models

  • 让所有大模型互相打分,避免单一模型评价偏见
  • 66个模型测试中,评估结果与人工评分相关性达97%
  • 支持快速扩容新模型,成本远低于人工评测

大型语言模型(LLMs)数量激增,带来可扩展、可靠的基准测试需求。当前主流方法存在根本矛盾:封闭式问答基准(如MMLU)因模型进步而迅速饱和;众包排行榜(如Chatbot Arena)依赖昂贵且缓慢的人类评判。近期自动化方法(如LLM-as-a-judge)提升了可扩展性,但可能因依赖少数“权威”模型而引入偏见。为此,我们提出去中心化竞技场(Decentralized Arena, dearena),一个完全自动化的框架,利用所有LLMs的集体智慧相互评估。通过民主化的成对比较机制,消除单模型裁判偏见;并通过两个核心组件保持高效率:(1) 粗粒度到细粒度的排序算法,实现新模型增量插入,复杂度低于二次方;(2) 自动化问题选择策略,构建新的评估维度。在涵盖66个LLMs的广泛实验中,dearena与人工评判的相关性最高达到97%,同时显著降低评估成本。代码与数据将公开发布于https://github.com/maitrix-org/de-arena。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The recent explosion of large language models (LLMs), each with its own general or specialized strengths, makes scalable, reliable benchmarking more urgent than ever. Standard practices nowadays face fundamental trade-offs: closed-ended question-based benchmarks (eg MMLU) struggle with saturation as newer models emerge, while crowd-sourced leaderboards (eg Chatbot Arena) rely on costly and slow human judges. Recently, automated methods (eg LLM-as-a-judge) shed light on the scalability, but risk bias by relying on one or a few "authority" models. To tackle these issues, we propose Decentralized Arena (dearena), a fully automated framework leveraging collective intelligence from all LLMs to evaluate each other. It mitigates single-model judge bias by democratic, pairwise evaluation, and remains efficient at scale through two key components: (1) a coarse-to-fine ranking algorithm for fast incremental insertion of new models with sub-quadratic complexity, and (2) an automatic question selection strategy for the construction of new evaluation dimensions. Across extensive experiments across 66 LLMs, dearena attains up to 97% correlation with human judgements, while significantly reducing the cost. Our code and data will be publicly released on https://github.com/maitrix-org/de-arena.

模型评估去中心化自动化大模型

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