MedEIR是专为医疗和通用任务优化的嵌入模型,支持8192词长上下文。
MedEIR: A Specialized Medical Embedding Model for Enhanced Information Retrieval
- 联合优化医疗与通用任务,采用ALiBi处理长文本
- 在多个基准测试中超越Jina V2和MiniLM,最高达79.56分
- 适合医疗信息检索与跨领域NLP应用
嵌入模型在检索增强生成、语义聚类和文本重排序中日益重要,但现有模型存在明显局限。例如,Jina难以捕捉医学文档语义,MiniLM对长文档表现不佳;领域专用模型虽针对性强,但在通用任务中性能下降。通用分词器常误读医学术语。当前嵌入模型在分词精度、领域理解或长序列处理方面均存不足,亟需更通用的解决方案。本文提出MedEIR,一种针对医疗与通用NLP任务联合优化的嵌入模型与分词器,采用ALiBi机制支持最长8,192词的上下文。MedEIR仅用60亿词预训练,随后在300万句对上微调。在MTEB基准测试中持续优于Jina V2和MiniLM,取得ArguAna(55.24)、NFCorpus(38.44)、MedicalQARetrieval(74.25)、SciFact(72.04)和TRECCOVID(79.56)的顶尖成绩,展现其在通用与专业任务中的强大性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Embedding models have become essential for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) tasks, semantic clustering, and text re-ranking. But despite their growing use, many of these come with notable limitations. For example, Jina fails to capture the semantic content of medical documents, while models such as MiniLM often perform poorly on long-form documents. Domain-adapted models, while specialized, often underperform in general-purpose tasks, reducing their overall applicability. General-domain tokenizers often misinterpret medical vocabulary. The limitations of current embedding models, whether in tokenization accuracy, domain comprehension, or handling long sequences, highlight the need for more versatile solutions. In this work, we present MedEIR, a novel embedding model and tokenizer jointly optimized for both medical and general NLP tasks, incorporating ALiBi-based long-context processing to support sequences of up to 8,192 tokens. MedEIR was pre-trained on only 6 billion tokens, significantly fewer than Jina's, followed by fine-tuning on 3 million sentence pairs. MedEIR consistently outperforms Jina V2 and MiniLM across MTEB benchmarks, achieving top scores on ArguAna (55.24), NFCorpus (38.44), MedicalQARetrieval (74.25), SciFact (72.04), and TRECCOVID (79.56). These results highlight the potential of MedEIR as a highly effective embedding model, demonstrating strong performance across both general-purpose and domain-specific tasks and outperforming existing models on multiple benchmarks.
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