arXiv:2505.13515cs.LGcs.AI2025-05NeurIPS被引 6

旧版LoRA权重可直接迁移适配新模型,省时省力还更准。

LoRASuite: Efficient LoRA Adaptation Across Large Language Model Upgrades

  • 通过转移矩阵与对齐度量,智能分配新旧模型层与注意力头。
  • 数学任务上性能超全参数微调,最高提升6.6分,效率提升78%。
  • 适合频繁更新大模型的团队,尤其节省算力和训练时间。

随着大语言模型持续迭代,早期训练的LoRA权重迅速过时。传统方法需在新模型上从头重训LoRA,成本高、耗时长且影响环境,尤其在模型与下游任务日益多样背景下问题凸显。为此,本文提出LoRASuite,一种针对不同模型升级类型设计的模块化迁移方案。首先利用新旧模型已知参数计算转移矩阵;接着基于中心核对齐与余弦相似度,分别分配对应层与注意力头;最后通过小规模精细微调确保数值稳定。实验表明,LoRASuite始终优于小规模原始LoRA方法。在MiniCPM与Qwen等主干模型上,其数学任务平均表现分别超越全参数微调+1.4与+6.6分。同时,内存消耗减少5.5 GB,计算时间降低78.23%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are frequently updated, LoRA weights trained on earlier versions quickly become obsolete. The conventional practice of retraining LoRA weights from scratch on the latest model is costly, time-consuming, and environmentally detrimental, particularly as the diversity of LLMs and downstream tasks expands. This motivates a critical question: "How can we efficiently leverage existing LoRA weights to adapt to newer model versions?" To address this, we propose LoRASuite, a modular approach tailored specifically to various types of LLM updates. First, we compute a transfer matrix utilizing known parameters from both old and new LLMs. Next, we allocate corresponding layers and attention heads based on centered kernel alignment and cosine similarity metrics, respectively. A subsequent small-scale, skillful fine-tuning step ensures numerical stability. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that LoRASuite consistently surpasses small-scale vanilla LoRA methods. Notably, on backbone LLMs such as MiniCPM and Qwen, LoRASuite even exceeds the performance of full-scale LoRA retraining, with average improvements of +1.4 and +6.6 points on math tasks, respectively. Additionally, LoRASuite significantly reduces memory consumption by 5.5 GB and computational time by 78.23%.

LoRA迁移模型升级高效微调大模型优化

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