arXiv:2505.13522cs.AImath.OC2025-05被引 3

提出混合搜索算法,高效求解海运库存路由难题。

A Heuristic Algorithm Based on Beam Search and Iterated Local Search for the Maritime Inventory Routing Problem

  • 结合束搜索与迭代局部搜索,不依赖数学规划
  • 72个实例中19个刷新最优解,计算时间可控
  • 适合需要快速高质量解的航运物流场景

海运库存路由问题(MIRP)在整合全球海运贸易中至关重要。然而,由于问题高度复杂,尚无成熟方法能高效求解大规模实例或其变体。基于混合整数规划(MIP)的精确方法因计算耗时过长,难以用于日常调度;非MIP类启发式方法又因约束严苛,连有效初始解都难构造。Papageorgiou等(2014)提出了单产品MIRP作为MIRPLib基准集基础,但此后新方法研究极少。为推动MIRPLib应用并促进结果对比,本文提出一种不依赖数学优化的启发式方法,解决确定性、有限周期、单产品MIRP。该方法融合改进的束搜索与迭代局部搜索。在72个测试实例中,所提算法在可接受计算时间内改进了19个已知最优解。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Maritime Inventory Routing Problem (MIRP) plays a crucial role in the integration of global maritime commerce levels. However, there are still no well-established methodologies capable of efficiently solving large MIRP instances or their variants due to the high complexity of the problem. The adoption of exact methods, typically based on Mixed Integer Programming (MIP), for daily operations is nearly impractical due to the CPU time required, as planning must be executed multiple times while ensuring high-quality results within acceptable time limits. Non-MIP-based heuristics are less frequently applied due to the highly constrained nature of the problem, which makes even the construction of an effective initial solution challenging. Papageorgiou et al. (2014) introduced a single-product MIRP as the foundation for MIRPLib, aiming to provide a collection of publicly available benchmark instances. However, only a few studies that propose new methodologies have been published since then. To encourage the use of MIRPLib and facilitate result comparisons, this study presents a heuristic approach that does not rely on mathematical optimization techniques to solve a deterministic, finite-horizon, single-product MIRP. The proposed heuristic combines a variation of a Beam Search algorithm with an Iterated Local Search procedure. Among the 72 instances tested, the developed methodology can improve the best-known solution for 19 instances within an acceptable CPU time.

运筹优化海运调度启发式算法

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