arXiv:2505.13545cs.IRcs.AI2025-05被引 2

评测大模型在知识库外的判断能力,避免高风险场景下的胡言乱语。

Know Or Not: a library for evaluating out-of-knowledge base robustness

  • 提出无需人工标注的自动化评测方法,检验模型是否知道答案
  • 构建政策问答基准测试,发现主流模型在知识外仍频繁错误回答
  • 开源工具库支持自定义评估流程,适合安全敏感场景研究者使用

尽管大语言模型(LLM)能力显著提升,但幻觉风险限制了其在高风险场景的应用。检索增强生成(RAG)虽能降低幻觉,但模型在面对知识库外问题时仍可能错误回答。本文提出一种系统化评测方法,评估LLM在RAG设置下对知识库外问题的鲁棒性(即模型是否知道)。我们实现该方法为开源工具库knowornot,具备统一API、模块化架构、可复现的数据建模和定制化工具链。通过构建涵盖四个政府政策问答聊天机器人的挑战性基准PolicyBench,验证了该工具的有效性。结果表明,现有模型在知识外仍存在显著误答现象。源代码已开源:https://github.com/govtech-responsibleai/KnowOrNot。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

While the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have progressed significantly, their use in high-stakes applications have been limited due to risks of hallucination. One key approach in reducing hallucination is retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), but even in such setups, LLMs may still hallucinate when presented with questions outside of the knowledge base. Such behavior is unacceptable in high-stake applications where LLMs are expected to abstain from answering queries it does not have sufficient context on. In this work, we present a novel methodology for systematically evaluating out-of-knowledge base (OOKB) robustness of LLMs (whether LLMs know or do not know) in the RAG setting, without the need for manual annotation of gold standard answers. We implement our methodology in knowornot, an open-source library that enables users to develop their own customized evaluation data and pipelines for OOKB robustness. knowornot comprises four main features. Firstly, it provides a unified, high-level API that streamlines the process of setting up and running robustness benchmarks. Secondly, its modular architecture emphasizes extensibility and flexibility, allowing users to easily integrate their own LLM clients and RAG settings. Thirdly, its rigorous data modeling design ensures experiment reproducibility, reliability and traceability. Lastly, it implements a comprehensive suite of tools for users to customize their pipelines. We demonstrate the utility of knowornot by developing a challenging benchmark, PolicyBench, which spans four Question-Answer (QA) chatbots on government policies, and analyze its OOKB robustness. The source code of knowornot is available https://github.com/govtech-responsibleai/KnowOrNot.

大模型评测幻觉检测RAG可信AI

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