arXiv:2505.13893cs.CL2025-05NeurIPS被引 9

通过图结构建模词元关联,实现高效融合多模型推理结果

InfiGFusion: Graph-on-Logits Distillation via Efficient Gromov-Wasserstein for Model Fusion

  • 用外积构建词元共激活图,捕捉跨维度语义依赖
  • 提出近似算法将计算复杂度从O(n⁴)降至O(n log n)
  • 在11个基准上超越现有方法,尤其擅长多步推理任务

大语言模型的快速发展推动了异构开源模型融合的研究。现有基于输出概率的融合方法虽保持推理效率,但独立处理词汇维度,忽视了跨维度交互所蕴含的语义依赖关系,而这些依赖反映了模型内部推理中不同词元类型间的互动,对对齐不同生成行为至关重要。为此,我们提出首个结构感知的融合框架InfiGFusion,引入创新的图-对数蒸馏(GLD)损失。具体地,保留每个输出位置的前k个最高对数概率,并在序列位置间计算其外积,形成全局共激活图,节点代表词汇通道,边表示联合激活强度。为保证可扩展性与效率,设计基于排序的闭式近似方法,将原始的格罗莫夫-沃瑟斯坦距离计算复杂度从O(n⁴)降低至O(n log n),并具有可证明的近似保证。在多个融合设置下的实验表明,GLD持续提升融合质量与稳定性。InfiGFusion在11个涵盖推理、编程和数学任务的基准上优于现有最先进模型与融合基线,在复杂推理任务中表现尤为突出,相较SFT在多步算术任务上提升35.6,在因果判断任务上提升37.06,展现出卓越的多步与关系推理能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have intensified efforts to fuse heterogeneous open-source models into a unified system that inherits their complementary strengths. Existing logit-based fusion methods maintain inference efficiency but treat vocabulary dimensions independently, overlooking semantic dependencies encoded by cross-dimension interactions. These dependencies reflect how token types interact under a model's internal reasoning and are essential for aligning models with diverse generation behaviors. To explicitly model these dependencies, we propose \textbf{InfiGFusion}, the first structure-aware fusion framework with a novel \textit{Graph-on-Logits Distillation} (GLD) loss. Specifically, we retain the top-$k$ logits per output and aggregate their outer products across sequence positions to form a global co-activation graph, where nodes represent vocabulary channels and edges quantify their joint activations. To ensure scalability and efficiency, we design a sorting-based closed-form approximation that reduces the original $O(n^4)$ cost of Gromov-Wasserstein distance to $O(n \log n)$, with provable approximation guarantees. Experiments across multiple fusion settings show that GLD consistently improves fusion quality and stability. InfiGFusion outperforms SOTA models and fusion baselines across 11 benchmarks spanning reasoning, coding, and mathematics. It shows particular strength in complex reasoning tasks, with +35.6 improvement on Multistep Arithmetic and +37.06 on Causal Judgement over SFT, demonstrating superior multi-step and relational inference.

模型融合图神经网络推理优化大模型

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