arXiv:2505.14218cs.CV2025-05TPAMI被引 3

改进点云补全的损失函数,解决结构不完整和点聚集问题。

Flexible-weighted Chamfer Distance: Enhanced Objective Function for Point Cloud Completion

  • 分离局部精度与全局完整性,采用非对称加权策略
  • 在ShapeNet55上降低DCD 12.4%,EMD减少2.39
  • 适配多种网络与场景,提升生成点云的结构完整性和均匀性

Chamfer Distance(CD)是点云补全的核心损失函数,但其对称加权机制限制了生成质量。标准CD同等惩罚局部细节偏差与全局覆盖不足,常导致点聚集和空间结构缺失。本文提出柔性加权Chamfer Distance(FCD),将CD解耦为局部精度与全局完整性两个子目标,采用非对称加权策略优先保障全局结构完整性,引导优化避开次优解。作为零成本可插拔模块,大量实验表明,FCD显著提升全局分布指标且保持局部精度。在ShapeNet55上使用AdaPoinTr时,密度感知CD(DCD)从0.613降至0.537(降幅约12.4%),有效缓解点聚集;在PCN数据集上,地球移动距离(EMD)从23.79降至21.40,展现更优全局均匀性。FCD在真实扫描(KITTI)、工业部件(ABC)及点云上采样(PU-GAN)任务中均表现优异,带来显著量化提升,并生成视觉上更均匀、结构更完整的点云,证明其在点云生成领域的通用潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The Chamfer Distance (CD) is a cornerstone objective function for point cloud completion, yet its inherent symmetric weighting mechanism limits the quality of the generated results. By penalizing local detail deviations and global coverage deficiencies equally, standard CD often causes structural defects such as point aggregation and incomplete spatial structures. We introduce the Flexible-weighted Chamfer Distance (FCD), which decouples CD into local precision and global completeness sub-objectives. FCD employs an asymmetric weighting strategy that prioritizes global structural integrity, steering the optimization away from sub-optimal solutions. As a plug-and-play module with negligible overhead, extensive experiments on state-of-the-art networks demonstrate that FCD significantly enhances global distribution metrics while preserving local precision. Specifically, on the ShapeNet55 benchmark using AdaPoinTr, FCD reduces the Density-aware Chamfer Distance (DCD) by approximately 12.4% (from 0.613 to 0.537), effectively mitigating point clustering. Similarly, on the PCN dataset, the proposed method reduces the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) from 23.79 to 21.40, demonstrating superior global uniformity compared to the standard CD baseline. Furthermore, FCD demonstrates excellent generalization. When applied to diverse tasks and datasets, including real-world scans (KITTI), industrial components (ABC), and point cloud upsampling (PU-GAN), it yields significant quantitative gains and produces visually more uniform and structurally complete point clouds. These results underscore FCD's potential as a versatile objective function for the broader point cloud generation domain.

点云补全损失函数结构优化

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