构建跨形态操作基准,测试机器人在不同外形下的泛化能力。
AnyBody: A Benchmark Suite for Cross-Embodiment Manipulation
- 设计三轴测试:插值、外推、组合,评估跨形态泛化性能。
- 多形态训练可提升泛化,但零样本迁移仍具挑战。
- 适合研究机器人泛化与架构设计的学者参考。
将控制策略泛化到新机器人形态仍是实现机器人可扩展、可迁移学习的核心挑战。尽管已有研究聚焦于运动任务,但在操作任务中尚缺乏系统性研究,部分原因在于缺少标准化基准。本文提出一个用于跨形态操作学习的基准,聚焦于两种基础任务——抓取与推动,并覆盖多种机器人结构形态。该基准从三个维度测试泛化能力:插值(同一结构类别内)、外推(不同结构)和组合(结构拼接)。我们在该基准上评估了不同强化学习策略在多形态数据上学习并泛化至新形态的能力。研究旨在回答:形态感知训练是否优于单形态基线?零样本迁移至未见形态是否可行?这些模式在不同泛化场景中是否一致。结果揭示了当前多形态学习的局限性,并提供了关于模型架构与训练设计如何影响策略泛化的深入见解。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Generalizing control policies to novel embodiments remains a fundamental challenge in enabling scalable and transferable learning in robotics. While prior works have explored this in locomotion, a systematic study in the context of manipulation tasks remains limited, partly due to the lack of standardized benchmarks. In this paper, we introduce a benchmark for learning cross-embodiment manipulation, focusing on two foundational tasks-reach and push-across a diverse range of morphologies. The benchmark is designed to test generalization along three axes: interpolation (testing performance within a robot category that shares the same link structure), extrapolation (testing on a robot with a different link structure), and composition (testing on combinations of link structures). On the benchmark, we evaluate the ability of different RL policies to learn from multiple morphologies and to generalize to novel ones. Our study aims to answer whether morphology-aware training can outperform single-embodiment baselines, whether zero-shot generalization to unseen morphologies is feasible, and how consistently these patterns hold across different generalization regimes. The results highlight the current limitations of multi-embodiment learning and provide insights into how architectural and training design choices influence policy generalization.
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