轻量级几何约束匹配器,让机器人在低算力设备上实现高精度抓取位姿估计。
GMatch: A Lightweight, Geometry-Constrained Keypoint Matcher for Zero-Shot 6DoF Pose Estimation in Robotic Grasp Tasks
- 基于关键点描述子与几何约束,构建全局一致的特征匹配
- 在HOPE和YCB-Video上超越现有匹配方法,接近顶尖零样本性能
- 可部署于仅CPU的嵌入式平台,适合资源受限的机器人系统
6DoF物体位姿估计是机器人抓取任务的基础。尽管近年学习型方法精度高,但计算开销大,难以部署在资源受限的移动平台。本文重新审视经典关键点匹配范式,提出GMatch——一种轻量级、几何约束的关键点匹配器,可在仅含CPU的嵌入式平台上高效运行。GMatch结合关键点描述子,利用一组几何约束消除描述子提取特征间的固有歧义,从而获得全局一致的对应关系,进而简便求解6DoF位姿。我们在HOPE和YCB-Video数据集上进行基准测试,结果表明,该方法在三种常用描述子下均优于现有特征与几何匹配方法,并在纹理丰富的物体上接近当前最佳零样本方法,且使用更简陋的设备。进一步部署于LoCoBot移动操作臂,在真实实验中实现了高成功率的一次性抓取流程。总体而言,凭借其轻量化与白盒特性,GMatch为资源受限的机器人系统提供了一种实用的解决方案;尽管当前受限于描述子质量,该框架仍展现出高效而鲁棒位姿估计的前景。代码将很快以Mozilla公共许可证开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
6DoF object pose estimation is fundamental to robotic grasp tasks. While recent learning-based methods achieve high accuracy, their computational demands hinder deployment on resource-constrained mobile platforms. In this work, we revisit the classical keypoint matching paradigm and propose GMatch, a lightweight, geometry-constrained keypoint matcher that can run efficiently on embedded CPU-only platforms. GMatch works with keypoint descriptors and it uses a set of geometric constraints to establishes inherent ambiguities between features extracted by descriptors, thus giving a globally consistent correspondences from which 6DoF pose can be easily solved. We benchmark GMatch on the HOPE and YCB-Video datasets, where our method beats existing keypoint matchers (both feature-based and geometry-based) among three commonly used descriptors and approaches the SOTA zero-shot method on texture-rich objects with much more humble devices. The method is further deployed on a LoCoBot mobile manipulator, enabling a one-shot grasp pipeline that demonstrates high task success rates in real-world experiments. In a word, by its lightweight and white-box nature, GMatch offers a practical solution for resource-limited robotic systems, and although currently bottlenecked by descriptor quality, the framework presents a promising direction towards robust yet efficient pose estimation. Code will be released soon under Mozilla Public License.
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