AI加速新材料设计,系统梳理生成方法与数据资源
Materials Generation in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Survey
- 按晶体结构分类并统一材料表征方式
- 归纳主流AI生成模型并建立分类体系
- 整合开源代码与基准数据集,助力研究落地
材料是现代社会发展的重要基础,支撑能源、电子、医疗、交通与基础设施等领域。精准发现与设计具备特定性能的新材料,对应对全球重大挑战至关重要。近年来,高质量材料数据的积累与人工智能技术的快速发展,为加速材料发现提供了新机遇。数据驱动的生成模型能直接构建满足预设性能要求的新材料,成为材料设计的强大工具。尽管相关研究不断涌现,该领域仍缺乏及时且系统的综述。本文全面梳理了当前AI驱动材料生成的研究进展:首先对各类材料进行分类,并展示晶体材料的多种表示方法;接着详细总结并构建了现有AI生成方法的分类体系;进一步讨论常用评估指标,汇总开源代码与基准数据集;最后展望该快速发展的领域的未来方向与挑战。相关资源见 https://github.com/ZhixunLEE/Awesome-AI-for-Materials-Generation。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Materials are the foundation of modern society, underpinning advancements in energy, electronics, healthcare, transportation, and infrastructure. The ability to discover and design new materials with tailored properties is critical to solving some of the most pressing global challenges. In recent years, the growing availability of high-quality materials data combined with rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has opened new opportunities for accelerating materials discovery. Data-driven generative models provide a powerful tool for materials design by directly create novel materials that satisfy predefined property requirements. Despite the proliferation of related work, there remains a notable lack of up-to-date and systematic surveys in this area. To fill this gap, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in AI-driven materials generation. We first organize various types of materials and illustrate multiple representations of crystalline materials. We then provide a detailed summary and taxonomy of current AI-driven materials generation approaches. Furthermore, we discuss the common evaluation metrics and summarize open-source codes and benchmark datasets. Finally, we conclude with potential future directions and challenges in this fast-growing field. The related sources can be found at https://github.com/ZhixunLEE/Awesome-AI-for-Materials-Generation.
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