通过分组训练再融合,让大模型在多场景游戏中实现通用推理突破。
Divide-Fuse-Conquer: Eliciting "Aha Moments" in Multi-Scenario Games
- 按规则和难度分组游戏,分别训练专用模型
- 融合多个模型参数后继续训练,18个游戏达成7胜4平
- 适合想提升大模型跨场景推理能力的研究者
大型语言模型在强化学习过程中常出现突然的高级推理能力,类似‘顿悟’时刻。尽管强化学习在数学、编程和视觉任务中有效激发此类突破,但在多场景游戏中面临挑战:游戏规则、交互方式和环境复杂度差异大,导致策略在单一场景表现好却难以泛化。简单合并多场景训练会引发训练不稳定和性能下降。为此,我们提出 Divide-Fuse-Conquer 框架,先基于规则和难度特征对游戏进行启发式分组,为每组训练专用模型(分步);随后融合不同组模型参数形成新模型,并持续训练以覆盖所有场景(融与攻)。在 18 个 TextArena 游戏上,使用 Qwen2.5-32B-Align 模型配合该策略,达到与 Claude3.5 相当的水平,实现 7 胜 4 平。本方法或可推动未来利用强化学习提升大模型泛化能力的研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models (LLMs) have been observed to suddenly exhibit advanced reasoning abilities during reinforcement learning (RL), resembling an ``aha moment'' triggered by simple outcome-based rewards. While RL has proven effective in eliciting such breakthroughs in tasks involving mathematics, coding, and vision, it faces significant challenges in multi-scenario games. The diversity of game rules, interaction modes, and environmental complexities often leads to policies that perform well in one scenario but fail to generalize to others. Simply combining multiple scenarios during training introduces additional challenges, such as training instability and poor performance. To overcome these challenges, we propose Divide-Fuse-Conquer, a framework designed to enhance generalization in multi-scenario RL. This approach starts by heuristically grouping games based on characteristics such as rules and difficulties. Specialized models are then trained for each group to excel at games in the group is what we refer to as the divide step. Next, we fuse model parameters from different groups as a new model, and continue training it for multiple groups, until the scenarios in all groups are conquered. Experiments across 18 TextArena games show that Qwen2.5-32B-Align trained with the Divide-Fuse-Conquer strategy reaches a performance level comparable to Claude3.5, achieving 7 wins and 4 draws. We hope our approach can inspire future research on using reinforcement learning to improve the generalization of LLMs.
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