统一建模语音语义,让大模型直接生成更自然的语音。
UniTTS: An end-to-end TTS system without decoupling of acoustic and semantic information
- 用单码本压缩多码本音频编码,提升信息利用率至近100%
- 融合海量无标签音频训练,显著扩展数据多样性
- 支持文本与语音交替输入,保留大模型文本能力
基于大语言模型的文语转换(TTS)系统依赖残差向量量化(RVQ)和分组向量量化(GVQ)等多码本音频编解码器,以分离语义与声学信息并利用语义先验。然而,语义与声学信息难以完全对齐,导致大语言模型难以获取完整的音频信息。为此,我们提出DistilCodec与UniTTS:1)将多码本编解码器压缩为含32,768个码本的单码本编解码器,实现接近100%的利用率;2)因无需语义对齐,可融入大量高质量无标签音频(如带音效的有声书、歌曲等),丰富训练数据;3)在预训练中整合音频自回归、文本自回归及语音-文本跨模态自回归任务,使UniTTS能接受交错的文本与语音提示,同时保持大语言模型的文本能力;4)采用三阶段训练流程:预训练、监督微调(SFT)与对齐。源代码与模型检查点已公开于https://github.com/IDEA-Emdoor-Lab/UniTTS 和 https://github.com/IDEA-Emdoor-Lab/DistilCodec。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The emergence of multi-codebook neutral audio codecs such as Residual Vector Quantization (RVQ) and Group Vector Quantization (GVQ) has significantly advanced Large-Language-Model (LLM) based Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems. These codecs are crucial in separating semantic and acoustic information while efficiently harnessing semantic priors. However, since semantic and acoustic information cannot be fully aligned, a significant drawback of these methods when applied to LLM-based TTS is that large language models may have limited access to comprehensive audio information. To address this limitation, we propose DistilCodec and UniTTS, which collectively offer the following advantages: 1) This method can distill a multi-codebook audio codec into a single-codebook audio codec with 32,768 codes while achieving a near 100\% utilization. 2) As DistilCodec does not employ a semantic alignment scheme, a large amount of high-quality unlabeled audio (such as audiobooks with sound effects, songs, etc.) can be incorporated during training, further expanding data diversity and broadening its applicability. 3) Leveraging the comprehensive audio information modeling of DistilCodec, we integrated three key tasks into UniTTS's pre-training framework: audio modality autoregression, text modality autoregression, and speech-text cross-modal autoregression. This allows UniTTS to accept interleaved text and speech/audio prompts while substantially preserving LLM's text capabilities. 4) UniTTS employs a three-stage training process: Pre-Training, Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), and Alignment. Source code and model checkpoints are publicly available at https://github.com/IDEA-Emdoor-Lab/UniTTS and https://github.com/IDEA-Emdoor-Lab/DistilCodec.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。