arXiv:2505.18002cs.LG2025-05IJCAI被引 4

提出新方法提升图异常检测精度,解决噪声边干扰问题

Rethinking Contrastive Learning in Graph Anomaly Detection: A Clean-View Perspective

  • 通过多尺度感知模块识别对比学习中的干扰边
  • 设计渐进式净化模块逐步移除干扰边,提升模型性能
  • 在5个基准数据集上验证有效,适合图数据安全场景

图异常检测旨在识别图结构数据中的异常模式,在网络安全和金融欺诈等领域有广泛应用。现有方法依赖对比学习,假设节点与其局部子图相似度越低越异常。然而,该方法忽视了干扰边的存在会破坏这一假设,引入噪声干扰对比学习过程,导致难以学习到有效的正常模式表征,影响检测效果。为此,本文提出清洁视图增强的图异常检测框架(CVGAD),包含多尺度异常感知模块,用于识别对比学习中的关键干扰源;同时引入新型渐进式净化模块,通过迭代识别并逐步移除干扰边,优化图结构。在五个基准数据集上的大量实验验证了该方法的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph anomaly detection aims to identify unusual patterns in graph-based data, with wide applications in fields such as web security and financial fraud detection. Existing methods typically rely on contrastive learning, assuming that a lower similarity between a node and its local subgraph indicates abnormality. However, these approaches overlook a crucial limitation: the presence of interfering edges invalidates this assumption, since it introduces disruptive noise that compromises the contrastive learning process. Consequently, this limitation impairs the ability to effectively learn meaningful representations of normal patterns, leading to suboptimal detection performance. To address this issue, we propose a Clean-View Enhanced Graph Anomaly Detection framework (CVGAD), which includes a multi-scale anomaly awareness module to identify key sources of interference in the contrastive learning process. Moreover, to mitigate bias from the one-step edge removal process, we introduce a novel progressive purification module. This module incrementally refines the graph by iteratively identifying and removing interfering edges, thereby enhancing model performance. Extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets validate the effectiveness of our approach.

图异常检测对比学习图神经网络

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