CrossRF让无人机射频指纹识别跨信道依然精准,解决实际部署中的信号差异难题。
CrossRF: A Domain-Invariant Deep Learning Approach for RF Fingerprinting
- 用对抗学习缩小不同信道间的差异,提升模型鲁棒性。
- 跨信道识别准确率最高达99.03%,传统方法仅26.39%。
- 适用于无人机安防场景,训练数据少、性能稳定,适合实战部署。
射频(RF)指纹识别为无人机识别与安全提供了有前景的方案,但在不同传输信道间存在显著性能下降问题。本文提出CrossRF,一种域不变的深度学习方法,用于解决无人机(UAV)在跨信道环境下的射频指纹识别问题。通过对抗学习最小化不同信道间的域差距,训练出对信道变化不敏感的鲁棒模型。我们在UAVSig数据集上验证了该方法,该数据集包含多个频率信道下相同型号无人机的真实空中射频信号,确保结果贴近真实场景。实验表明,CrossRF表现出色:从信道3迁移到信道4时准确率达99.03%,而传统方法仅为26.39%;在更复杂的多信道迁移任务中(从信道1,3到2,4)仍保持87.57%准确率,并实现控制器分类89.45%准确率与0.9精确率。结果证明,CrossRF能显著降低跨信道带来的性能退化,且在少量训练数据下仍具高识别精度,非常适合实际无人机安全应用。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Radio Frequency (RF) fingerprinting offers a promising approach for drone identification and security, although it suffers from significant performance degradation when operating on different transmission channels. This paper presents CrossRF, a domain-invariant deep learning approach that addresses the problem of cross-channel RF fingerprinting for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) identification. Our approach aims to minimize the domain gap between different RF channels by using adversarial learning to train a more robust model that maintains consistent identification performance despite channel variations. We validate our approach using the UAVSig dataset, comprising real-world over-the-air RF signals from identical drone models operating across several frequency channels, ensuring that the findings correspond to real-world scenarios. The experimental results show CrossRF's efficiency, achieving up to 99.03% accuracy when adapting from Channel 3 to Channel 4, compared to only 26.39% using conventional methods. The model maintains robust performance in more difficult multi-channel scenarios (87.57% accuracy adapting from Channels 1,3 to 2,4) and achieves 89.45% accuracy with 0.9 precision for controller classification. These results confirm CrossRF's ability to significantly reduce performance degradation due to cross-channel variations while maintaining high identification accuracy with minimal training data requirements, making it particularly suitable for practical drone security applications.
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