可变形四旋翼无人机实现高效独立控制,适合复杂结构巡检。
MorphEUS: Morphable Omnidirectional Unmanned System
- 每臂配双舵机,可任意调节推力方向,实现独立位置与姿态控制。
- 推力/力矩可达性更高且更均匀,占地小,推力抵消最少。
- 具备冗余容错能力,适合近距离接触式巡检和复杂表面成像。
全向飞行器(OMAVs)为无人机的检测、导航与操作应用开辟了新可能。本文提出MorphEUS,一种可变形共轴四旋翼无人机,能高效独立控制位置与姿态。其每臂采用一对舵机机构,可将矢量推力指向任意方向。相比现有最先进的OMAVs,MorphEUS在更小占地面积下实现了更高且更均匀的力/力矩可达性,并最小化推力抵消。系统的过驱动特性使其对旋翼或舵机故障具有鲁棒性。该四旋翼特别适用于基于接触的基础设施检测及复杂几何体的近距离成像。配套控制流程中,我们提供了系统完全可控性、几乎处处指数稳定性和推力-能耗最优性的理论证明。通过高保真仿真评估,验证了车辆在多种任务下的轨迹跟踪能力。补充细节与实验视频见项目网页。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Omnidirectional aerial vehicles (OMAVs) have opened up a wide range of possibilities for inspection, navigation, and manipulation applications using drones. In this paper, we introduce MorphEUS, a morphable co-axial quadrotor that can control position and orientation independently with high efficiency. It uses a paired servo motor mechanism for each rotor arm, capable of pointing the vectored-thrust in any arbitrary direction. As compared to the \textit{state-of-the-art} OMAVs, we achieve higher and more uniform force/torque reachability with a smaller footprint and minimum thrust cancellations. The overactuated nature of the system also results in resiliency to rotor or servo-motor failures. The capabilities of this quadrotor are particularly well-suited for contact-based infrastructure inspection and close-proximity imaging of complex geometries. In the accompanying control pipeline, we present theoretical results for full controllability, almost-everywhere exponential stability, and thrust-energy optimality. We evaluate our design and controller on high-fidelity simulations showcasing the trajectory-tracking capabilities of the vehicle during various tasks. Supplementary details and experimental videos are available on the project webpage.
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