SPADE通过分层规划与局部几何感知,实现动态场景下高效避障导航。
SPADE: Towards Scalable Path Planning Architecture on Actionable Multi-Domain 3D Scene Graphs
- 分层规划:先在抽象全局层求解路径,再逐级细化到局部几何层。
- 减少冗余计算:提前筛选可通行边,降低图复杂度,提升规划效率。
- 适合机器人导航:在仿真和真实四足机器人上验证,应对复杂动态环境。
本文提出SPADE,一种面向动态环境中自主导航的路径规划框架,基于3D场景图实现。SPADE将规划问题分为两步:(a) 解决稀疏的抽象全局层路径规划;(b) 在更密集的局部层中,结合局部几何场景导航进行迭代路径优化。为在密集多任务场景图中高效提取可行路径,框架在规划前执行有指导的可通行边采样,剔除无关信息,降低整体图结构复杂度。现有方法将层级与几何评估解耦,导致路径受阻时需重规划整个场景图,效率低下。相比之下,SPADE优先在局部层进行规划并结合局部几何导航,可在保持计算效率的同时实现动态场景中的顺畅通行。我们在大量仿真实验及真实四足机器人部署中验证了SPADE的有效性,其在复杂动态场景中表现优异。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this work, we introduce SPADE, a path planning framework designed for autonomous navigation in dynamic environments using 3D scene graphs. SPADE combines hierarchical path planning with local geometric awareness to enable collision-free movement in dynamic scenes. The framework bifurcates the planning problem into two: (a) solving the sparse abstract global layer plan and (b) iterative path refinement across denser lower local layers in step with local geometric scene navigation. To ensure efficient extraction of a feasible route in a dense multi-task domain scene graphs, the framework enforces informed sampling of traversable edges prior to path-planning. This removes extraneous information not relevant to path-planning and reduces the overall planning complexity over a graph. Existing approaches address the problem of path planning over scene graphs by decoupling hierarchical and geometric path evaluation processes. Specifically, this results in an inefficient replanning over the entire scene graph when encountering path obstructions blocking the original route. In contrast, SPADE prioritizes local layer planning coupled with local geometric scene navigation, enabling navigation through dynamic scenes while maintaining efficiency in computing a traversable route. We validate SPADE through extensive simulation experiments and real-world deployment on a quadrupedal robot, demonstrating its efficacy in handling complex and dynamic scenarios.
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