梳理大模型意识研究的理论与风险，厘清概念迷思
Exploring Consciousness in LLMs: A Systematic Survey of Theories, Implementations, and Frontier Risks
- 区分大模型意识与觉察等易混淆概念
- 系统归纳现有理论与实证研究框架
- 警示潜在意识大模型带来的前沿风险
意识是人类心智最深刻且独特的特征，从根本上塑造了我们对存在与自主性的理解。随着大语言模型（LLMs）快速发展，关于智能与意识的问题日益突出。然而，大模型意识议题仍属未充分探索领域。本文首先澄清常被混淆的术语（如大模型意识与大模型觉察）。随后，从理论与实证两个角度系统组织并综述现有研究。进一步，揭示潜在的前沿风险，即具备意识的大模型可能引发的问题。最后，讨论当前挑战并展望该新兴领域的未来方向。本文引用的研究资料已整理至 https://github.com/OpenCausaLab/Awesome-LLM-Consciousness。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Consciousness stands as one of the most profound and distinguishing features of the human mind, fundamentally shaping our understanding of existence and agency. As large language models (LLMs) develop at an unprecedented pace, questions concerning intelligence and consciousness have become increasingly significant. However, discourse on LLM consciousness remains largely unexplored territory. In this paper, we first clarify frequently conflated terminologies (e.g., LLM consciousness and LLM awareness). Then, we systematically organize and synthesize existing research on LLM consciousness from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Furthermore, we highlight potential frontier risks that conscious LLMs might introduce. Finally, we discuss current challenges and outline future directions in this emerging field. The references discussed in this paper are organized at https://github.com/OpenCausaLab/Awesome-LLM-Consciousness.
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