通过重初始化提升剪枝后大模型性能,实现高效部署。
Pangu Light: Weight Re-Initialization for Pruning and Accelerating LLMs
- 提出多维度结构化剪枝结合新型权重重初始化方法
- 剪枝后模型在Ascend NPU上达2585 tokens/s吞吐量
- 适合追求高效率大模型推理的工业级应用
大型语言模型在众多任务中表现卓越,但其庞大体积和推理成本带来显著计算挑战。结构化剪枝虽具压缩潜力,但同时减少宽度与深度常导致性能严重下降。本文指出,解决此问题的关键在于剪枝后对剩余权重进行策略性重初始化,以改善训练起始点。我们提出Pangu Light框架,融合结构化剪枝与创新重初始化技术,如跨层注意力剪枝(CLAP)和稳定层归一化剪枝(SLNP),有效缓解性能损失。该框架还针对Ascend NPU优化,包括吸收Post-RMSNorm计算。实验表明,Pangu Light-32B在Ascend NPU上达到81.6平均分与2585 tokens/s吞吐,优于Qwen3-32B的80.9分与2225 tokens/s。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large Language Models (LLMs) deliver state-of-the-art capabilities across numerous tasks, but their immense size and inference costs pose significant computational challenges for practical deployment. While structured pruning offers a promising avenue for model compression, existing methods often struggle with the detrimental effects of aggressive, simultaneous width and depth reductions, leading to substantial performance degradation. This paper argues that a critical, often overlooked, aspect in making such aggressive joint pruning viable is the strategic re-initialization and adjustment of remaining weights to improve the model post-pruning training accuracies. We introduce Pangu Light, a framework for LLM acceleration centered around structured pruning coupled with novel weight re-initialization techniques designed to address this ``missing piece''. Our framework systematically targets multiple axes, including model width, depth, attention heads, and RMSNorm, with its effectiveness rooted in novel re-initialization methods like Cross-Layer Attention Pruning (CLAP) and Stabilized LayerNorm Pruning (SLNP) that mitigate performance drops by providing the network a better training starting point. Further enhancing efficiency, Pangu Light incorporates specialized optimizations such as absorbing Post-RMSNorm computations and tailors its strategies to Ascend NPU characteristics. The Pangu Light models consistently exhibit a superior accuracy-efficiency trade-off, outperforming prominent baseline pruning methods like Nemotron and established LLMs like Qwen3 series. For instance, on Ascend NPUs, Pangu Light-32B's 81.6 average score and 2585 tokens/s throughput exceed Qwen3-32B's 80.9 average score and 2225 tokens/s.
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