用大模型把《了不起的盖茨比》改写成不含字母'e'的绕口令式文字。
Gatsby Without the 'E': Crafting Lipograms with LLMs
- 用同义词替换和生成模型，强制去除文本中的字母'e'
- 去掉前3.6%最常用字母后，语义基本不变
- 适合对语言游戏和文字实验感兴趣的读者
Lipogram是一种特殊文字创作形式，要求整篇文章排除某一特定字母。本文以费·司各特·菲茨杰拉德的小说《了不起的盖茨比》为对象，尝试将其改写为完全不含字母 'e' 的文本。研究对比了从基础同义词替换到结合束搜索与命名实体分析的生成模型等多种方法。结果显示，在排除最多达3.6%最常见字母（至字母 'u'）的情况下，原文语义保持相对完整；但随着约束强度增加，翻译保真度迅速且可预测地下降。该工作揭示了英语在极端限制下的惊人适应性，展现了语言创造的灵活性与潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Lipograms are a unique form of constrained writing where all occurrences of a particular letter are excluded from the text, typified by the novel Gadsby, which daringly avoids all usage of the letter 'e'. In this study, we explore the power of modern large language models (LLMs) by transforming the novel F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby into a fully 'e'-less text. We experimented with a range of techniques, from baseline methods like synonym replacement to sophisticated generative models enhanced with beam search and named entity analysis. We show that excluding up to 3.6% of the most common letters (up to the letter 'u') had minimal impact on the text's meaning, although translation fidelity rapidly and predictably decays with stronger lipogram constraints. Our work highlights the surprising flexibility of English under strict constraints, revealing just how adaptable and creative language can be.
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