用量子生成对抗网络合成表格数据,填补了量子模型在异构数据上的空白。
TabularQGAN: A quantum generative model for tabular data synthesis
- 设计灵活编码与新型量子电路,适配含类别和数值特征的表格数据
- 在MIMIC-III数据集上表现优于或媲美主流经典模型,相似度得分领先
- 能生成新颖且有用的数据样本,适合医疗、金融等隐私敏感领域
本文提出一种新型量子生成模型,用于合成表格数据。由于真实数据稀缺或涉及隐私,合成数据可有效补充或替代原始数据。企业数据多为异构表格数据,包含类别与数值特征,该任务在医疗、金融、软件等行业具有广泛价值。现有量子生成模型仅针对同质数据,本文提出一种具备灵活数据编码的量子生成对抗网络架构,并设计新型量子电路参数化方案,以有效建模表格数据。在MIMIC-III医疗数据集和Adult Census数据集上进行测试,与主流经典模型CTGAN、CopulaGAN、VAE-GMM及基于LLM的be-GReaT框架对比。采用无噪声态向量模拟器在经典硬件上进行验证。结果表明,在MIMIC-III数据集上,本模型在SDMetrics开源库中的综合相似度评分达到竞争力水平,部分指标领先。此外,通过自定义评估指标验证模型泛化能力,证明其能生成具有实用性和新颖性的表格样本。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this paper, we introduce a novel quantum generative model for synthesizing tabular data. Synthetic data is valuable in scenarios where real-world data is scarce or private, as it can be used to augment or replace existing datasets. As enterprise data is predominantly tabular and heterogeneous, often consisting of both categorical and numerical features, this task is relevant across various industries such as healthcare, finance, and software. Existing quantum generative models are designed for homogeneous data; we seek to fill this gap by proposing a quantum generative adversarial network architecture with flexible data encoding and a novel quantum circuit ansatz for effectively modeling tabular data. The proposed approach is tested on the MIMIC-III healthcare and Adult Census datasets, with extensive benchmarking against leading classical models, CTGAN, CopulaGAN, VAE-GMM, and an LLM-based approach using the be-GReaT framework for tabular data synthesis. We evaluated our model as a proof-of-concept on reduced feature subsets using a noiseless statevector simulator on classical hardware. Our simulations show that, for the MIMIC-III dataset, our quantum model achieves competitive, and in some cases, leading performance with respect to an overall similarity score used in the open-source Python library SDMetrics. Additionally, we evaluate the generalization capabilities of the models using two custom-designed metrics that demonstrate the ability of the proposed quantum model to generate useful and novel tabular samples.
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