arXiv:2505.23049cs.LGcs.CL2025-05NeurIPS被引 7

通过集中权重重要性提升大模型剪枝鲁棒性,减少性能下降。

DenoiseRotator: Enhance Pruning Robustness for LLMs via Importance Concentration

  • 用可学习正交变换重新分配权重重要性,聚焦关键参数。
  • 在2:4半结构化稀疏下,使LLaMA3-70B困惑度差距缩小58%。
  • 兼容现有剪枝方法,适合需压缩大模型的场景。

剪枝是压缩大语言模型的常用技术,但常因性能显著下降而受限,尤其在半结构化稀疏约束下。现有方法多关注单个权重的重要性评估,难以保留模型关键能力。本文提出新视角:不只决定剪哪些权重,而是先通过最小化归一化重要性得分的信息熵,将重要性集中到更少权重上,增强模型对剪枝的鲁棒性。我们基于此提出DenoiseRotator,采用可学习正交变换作用于模型权重矩阵。该方法可无缝集成至幅度剪枝、SparseGPT和Wanda等现有剪枝方法中。在LLaMA3、Qwen2.5和Mistral模型上,于50%无结构与2:4半结构化稀疏条件下评估,持续提升困惑度与零样本准确率。例如,在2:4半结构化稀疏下,使用SparseGPT剪枝的LLaMA3-70B,DenoiseRotator将困惑度差距从8.1点降至3.4点,降幅达58%。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Pruning is a widely used technique to compress large language models (LLMs) by removing unimportant weights, but it often suffers from significant performance degradation - especially under semi-structured sparsity constraints. Existing pruning methods primarily focus on estimating the importance of individual weights, which limits their ability to preserve critical capabilities of the model. In this work, we propose a new perspective: rather than merely selecting which weights to prune, we first redistribute parameter importance to make the model inherently more amenable to pruning. By minimizing the information entropy of normalized importance scores, our approach concentrates importance onto a smaller subset of weights, thereby enhancing pruning robustness. We instantiate this idea through DenoiseRotator, which applies learnable orthogonal transformations to the model's weight matrices. Our method can be seamlessly integrated with existing pruning techniques such as Magnitude, SparseGPT, and Wanda. Evaluated on LLaMA3, Qwen2.5, and Mistral models under 50% unstructured and 2:4 semi-structured sparsity, DenoiseRotator consistently improves perplexity and zero-shot accuracy. For instance, on LLaMA3-70B pruned with SparseGPT at 2:4 semi-structured sparsity, DenoiseRotator reduces the perplexity gap to the dense model by 58%, narrowing the degradation from 8.1 to 3.4 points. Codes are available at https://github.com/Axel-gu/DenoiseRotator.

模型剪枝大模型压缩稀疏性鲁棒性

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