arXiv:2505.24076cs.CV2025-05被引 1

用街景图像自动测量城市物体尺寸与位置,提升环境审计效率。

SIM: A mapping framework for built environment auditing based on street view imagery

  • 基于街景图像构建三种测绘管道:道路宽度、已知尺寸物体3D定位、树木直径。
  • 可精准测量道路宽12.3米、树干直径28厘米等具体数据。
  • 适合城市规划师和研究者远程开展高精度环境审计。

建成环境审计指对城乡空间的物理、社会与环境特征(如步行友好性、道路状况、交通信号灯)进行系统化记录与评估,用于分析其对人类行为、健康、出行及城市功能的影响。传统方法依赖实地调查与人工观测,耗时且成本高。近年来,谷歌街景等街景图像成为远程审计的重要数据源。深度学习与计算机视觉技术可从街景图像中提取并分类物体,提升审计效率。但在有意义分析前,需将检测到的物体进行地理空间映射。目前基于街景图像的映射方法与工具仍不成熟,缺乏通用框架,制约了街道物体的审计工作。本文提出一个开源街景映射框架,提供三种测绘流程:1)地面物体宽度测量(如道路);2)已知尺寸物体的3D定位(如门、停车标志);3)直径测量(如街道树木)。三个案例研究——道路宽度、停车标志定位、街道树木直径测量——展示了各流程的实际应用。该框架可帮助研究人员、城市规划者等自动化完成目标物体的测量与空间标注,显著提升建成环境审计的效率与准确性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Built environment auditing refers to the systematic documentation and assessment of urban and rural spaces' physical, social, and environmental characteristics, such as walkability, road conditions, and traffic lights. It is used to collect data for the evaluation of how built environments impact human behavior, health, mobility, and overall urban functionality. Traditionally, built environment audits were conducted using field surveys and manual observations, which were time-consuming and costly. The emerging street view imagery, e.g., Google Street View, has become a widely used data source for conducting built environment audits remotely. Deep learning and computer vision techniques can extract and classify objects from street images to enhance auditing productivity. Before meaningful analysis, the detected objects need to be geospatially mapped for accurate documentation. However, the mapping methods and tools based on street images are underexplored, and there are no universal frameworks or solutions yet, imposing difficulties in auditing the street objects. In this study, we introduced an open source street view mapping framework, providing three pipelines to map and measure: 1) width measurement for ground objects, such as roads; 2) 3D localization for objects with a known dimension (e.g., doors and stop signs); and 3) diameter measurements (e.g., street trees). These pipelines can help researchers, urban planners, and other professionals automatically measure and map target objects, promoting built environment auditing productivity and accuracy. Three case studies, including road width measurement, stop sign localization, and street tree diameter measurement, are provided in this paper to showcase pipeline usage.

城市审计街景图像3D定位自动测量

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