用大模型自动构建领域知识图谱,无需人工设计结构
LKD-KGC: Domain-Specific KG Construction via LLM-driven Knowledge Dependency Parsing
- 通过大模型分析文档依赖关系,自动确定处理顺序
- 在医疗、金融等领域的实验中,准确率和召回率提升10%~20%
- 适合无预设结构、缺乏外部参考的垂直领域知识构建
知识图谱将现实世界实体及其关系组织为三元组,提升机器推理能力。尽管领域特定知识图谱价值显著,但其手工构建效率低且需专业知识。现有基于大语言模型(LLM)的知识图谱构建方法,如模式引导式构建和参考知识融合,受限于手动定义模式、单文档处理及公共域参考,难以应对具有复杂知识依赖性和领域特异性的文本,且参考知识有限。为此,我们提出LKD-KGC框架,实现无监督的领域特定知识图谱构建。该框架自主分析文档库,推断知识依赖关系,利用大模型驱动的优先级排序确定最优处理顺序,并通过整合跨文档层级上下文,自回归生成实体模式。该模式指导无监督的实体与关系抽取,摆脱对预设结构或外部知识的依赖。大量实验证明,相较于现有先进基线,LKD-KGC在精度和召回率上普遍提升10%至20%,展现出构建高质量领域知识图谱的巨大潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Knowledge Graphs (KGs) structure real-world entities and their relationships into triples, enhancing machine reasoning for various tasks. While domain-specific KGs offer substantial benefits, their manual construction is often inefficient and requires specialized knowledge. Recent approaches for knowledge graph construction (KGC) based on large language models (LLMs), such as schema-guided KGC and reference knowledge integration, have proven efficient. However, these methods are constrained by their reliance on manually defined schema, single-document processing, and public-domain references, making them less effective for domain-specific corpora that exhibit complex knowledge dependencies and specificity, as well as limited reference knowledge. To address these challenges, we propose LKD-KGC, a novel framework for unsupervised domain-specific KG construction. LKD-KGC autonomously analyzes document repositories to infer knowledge dependencies, determines optimal processing sequences via LLM driven prioritization, and autoregressively generates entity schema by integrating hierarchical inter-document contexts. This schema guides the unsupervised extraction of entities and relationships, eliminating reliance on predefined structures or external knowledge. Extensive experiments show that compared with state-of-the-art baselines, LKD-KGC generally achieves improvements of 10% to 20% in both precision and recall rate, demonstrating its potential in constructing high-quality domain-specific KGs.
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