用数字孪生技术评估光声成像重建质量，实现精准对比。
Digital twins enable full-reference quality assessment of photoacoustic image reconstructions
- 构建组织模拟体与成像系统的数字孪生模型
- 傅里叶法重建效果接近迭代逆时延法，但更快
- 适合研究光声成像算法的开发者和生物医学成像学者
光声图像重建算法的质量定量比较仍是重大挑战。无参考质量评估常不充分，而全参考评估需理想参考图像。仿真中真实值已知，但在体内或仿体实验中未知，因参考图像依赖于仿体特性与成像系统。本文通过组织模拟体与成像系统的数值数字孪生，实现量化校准以缩小仿真差距。贡献有二：其一，利用该数字孪生框架比较多种先进重建算法；其二，首次在实验数据上测试了基于傅里叶变换的环形探测几何重建算法。结果表明，数字孪生可评估数值正向模型精度，并实现全参考图像质量评估。傅里叶法重建结果与迭代逆时延法相当，但计算成本更低。所有数据与代码公开于Zenodo：https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15388429。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Quantitative comparison of the quality of photoacoustic image reconstruction algorithms remains a major challenge. No-reference image quality measures are often inadequate, but full-reference measures require access to an ideal reference image. While the ground truth is known in simulations, it is unknown in vivo, or in phantom studies, as the reference depends on both the phantom properties and the imaging system. We tackle this problem by using numerical digital twins of tissue-mimicking phantoms and the imaging system to perform a quantitative calibration to reduce the simulation gap. The contributions of this paper are two-fold: First, we use this digital-twin framework to compare multiple state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms. Second, among these is a Fourier transform-based reconstruction algorithm for circular detection geometries, which we test on experimental data for the first time. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of digital phantom twins by enabling assessment of the accuracy of the numerical forward model and enabling comparison of image reconstruction schemes with full-reference image quality assessment. We show that the Fourier transform-based algorithm yields results comparable to those of iterative time reversal, but at a lower computational cost. All data and code are publicly available on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15388429.
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