用图神经网络和对抗学习,让动作识别模型跨用户更通用。
Graph-Based Adversarial Domain Generalization with Anatomical Correlation Knowledge for Cross-User Human Activity Recognition
- 构建三类解剖结构单元,融合空间、功能和左右关系建模传感器关联。
- 在无目标用户数据情况下,跨用户准确率提升12.3%,优于现有方法。
- 适合智能穿戴设备中需适应不同用户的动作识别场景。
跨用户差异是基于传感器的人体活动识别(HAR)系统的主要挑战,传统模型因行为、传感器位置和数据分布差异难以泛化。为此,我们提出GNN-ADG(图神经网络与对抗域泛化结合),利用图神经网络(GNN)和对抗学习实现鲁棒的跨用户泛化。GNN-ADG建模不同解剖部位传感器间的空间关系,提取三类解剖单元:(1)互联单元,捕捉相邻传感器间的关系;(2)相似单元,将对称或功能相似部位的传感器分组;(3)侧向单元,基于位置连接传感器以捕获区域特异性协调。这些信息融合为统一图结构,并采用循环训练策略,动态整合空间、功能与侧向相关性,形成整体且用户无关的表示。通过在训练中循环切换边拓扑,模型可不断优化对跨视角传感器关系的理解。通过将传感器空间配置表示为统一图并引入对抗学习,GNN-ADG有效学习出无需目标用户数据即可泛化的特征,适用于真实应用场景。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Cross-user variability poses a significant challenge in sensor-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems, as traditional models struggle to generalize across users due to differences in behavior, sensor placement, and data distribution. To address this, we propose GNN-ADG (Graph Neural Network with Adversarial Domain Generalization), a novel method that leverages both the strength from both the Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and adversarial learning to achieve robust cross-user generalization. GNN-ADG models spatial relationships between sensors on different anatomical body parts, extracting three types of Anatomical Units: (1) Interconnected Units, capturing inter-relations between neighboring sensors; (2) Analogous Units, grouping sensors on symmetrical or functionally similar body parts; and (3) Lateral Units, connecting sensors based on their position to capture region-specific coordination. These units information are fused into an unified graph structure with a cyclic training strategy, dynamically integrating spatial, functional, and lateral correlations to facilitate a holistic, user-invariant representation. Information fusion mechanism of GNN-ADG occurs by iteratively cycling through edge topologies during training, allowing the model to refine its understanding of inter-sensor relationships across diverse perspectives. By representing the spatial configuration of sensors as an unified graph and incorporating adversarial learning, Information Fusion GNN-ADG effectively learns features that generalize well to unseen users without requiring target user data during training, making it practical for real-world applications.
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