arXiv:2506.02955cs.ROcs.AI2025-06被引 4

统一处理机器人运动规划中的多种约束,提升安全性和可行性。

UniConFlow: A Unified Constrained Flow-Matching Framework for Certified Motion Planning

  • 基于流匹配的统一框架,同时处理碰撞、动作极限等约束。
  • 在三类任务中均优于现有生成式与优化基线方法。
  • 适合需要高安全性与动力学一致性的机器人运动规划场景。

生成模型在机器人轨迹生成中展现出强大能力,支持多任务下的灵活与多模态轨迹生成。然而,现有方法在处理碰撞避免、执行器限制和动态一致性等多种约束时仍存在局限,通常采用单独或启发式方式处理。本文提出UniConFlow,一种基于统一约束流匹配的轨迹生成框架,系统性地整合等式与不等式约束。引入新颖的预定时间零函数,在推理过程中生成时变引导场,使生成过程可适应不同系统模型与任务需求。为应对长时序、高维轨迹生成的计算挑战,提出两项实用策略:违规段提取协议,精准定位并精炼违反约束的部分轨迹;轨迹压缩方法,在降维空间加速优化,解码后仍能保持高保真重建。在双倒立摆、真实到仿真赛车任务以及仿真到真实操控任务三个实验中验证,UniConFlow在安全、动力学一致性与动作可行性等认证运动规划指标上均显著优于当前最优生成式规划器与传统优化基线。项目页面见:https://uniconflow.github.io。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generative models have become increasingly powerful tools for robot motion generation, enabling flexible and multimodal trajectory generation across various tasks. Yet, most existing approaches remain limited in handling multiple types of constraints, such as collision avoidance, actuation limits, and dynamic consistency, which are typically addressed individually or heuristically. In this work, we propose UniConFlow, a unified constrained flow matching-based framework for trajectory generation that systematically incorporates both equality and inequality constraints. Moreover, UniConFlow introduces a novel prescribed-time zeroing function that shapes a time-varying guidance field during inference, allowing the generation process to adapt to varying system models and task requirements. Furthermore, to further address the computational challenges of long-horizon and high-dimensional trajectory generation, we propose two practical strategies for the terminal constraint enforcement and inference process: a violation-segment extraction protocol that precisely localizes and refines only the constraint-violating portions of trajectories, and a trajectory compression method that accelerates optimization in a reduced-dimensional space while preserving high-fidelity reconstruction after decoding. Empirical validation across three experiments, including a double inverted pendulum, a real-to-sim car racing task, and a sim-to-real manipulation task, demonstrates that UniConFlow outperforms state-of-the-art generative planners and conventional optimization baselines, achieving superior performance on certified motion planning metrics such as safety, kinodynamic consistency, and action feasibility. Project page is available at: https://uniconflow.github.io.

运动规划生成模型约束满足机器人

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