让大模型通过模拟用户决策链提升推荐效果,解释更清晰。
Reason-to-Recommend: Using Interaction-of-Thought Reasoning to Enhance LLM Recommendation
- 用用户-物品图生成思维链,分步推理推荐逻辑。
- 在三个数据集上提升10.48%的命中率,优于原生大模型131.81%。
- 适合需要可解释推荐的场景,如电商与内容平台。
随着大语言模型(LLM)的发展,将其融入推荐任务受到关注,因其具备强大的语义理解与提示灵活性。以往工作将用户-物品交互或元数据编码为提示进行推荐。与此同时,得益于测试时扩展和强化学习,大模型在数学、编程等需清晰推理路径与正确性信号的领域表现优异,具备高性能与可解释性。然而,直接将此类方法应用于推荐无效,因用户反馈隐式且缺乏推理监督。为此,我们提出R2Rec框架,从用户-物品图中采样交互链,通过渐进式掩码提示策略转化为结构化“交互思维链”,每一步思维均基于交互上下文展开。这使大模型能模拟基于隐式模式的逐步决策。设计两阶段训练:监督微调使用高质量推理轨迹学习基础推理能力,强化学习则通过奖励信号优化推理过程,缓解显式监督稀疏问题。在三个真实数据集上的实验表明,R2Rec在平均命中率@1上比基线提升10.48%,相较原始大模型提升131.81%。此外,显式的推理链增强了可解释性,揭示了推荐决策过程。代码已公开于:https://anonymous.4open.science/r/R2Rec-7C5D。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Driven by advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), integrating them into recommendation tasks has gained interest due to their strong semantic understanding and prompt flexibility. Prior work encoded user-item interactions or metadata into prompts for recommendations. In parallel, LLM reasoning, boosted by test-time scaling and reinforcement learning, has excelled in fields like mathematics and code, where reasoning traces and correctness signals are clear, enabling high performance and interpretability. However, directly applying these reasoning methods to recommendation is ineffective because user feedback is implicit and lacks reasoning supervision. To address this, we propose $\textbf{R2Rec}$, a reasoning-enhanced recommendation framework that samples interaction chains from the user-item graph and converts them into structured interaction-of-thoughts via a progressive masked prompting strategy, with each thought representing stepwise reasoning grounded in interaction context. This allows LLMs to simulate step-by-step decision-making based on implicit patterns. We design a two-stage training pipeline: supervised fine-tuning teaches basic reasoning from high-quality traces, and reinforcement learning refines reasoning via reward signals, alleviating sparse explicit supervision. Experiments on three real-world datasets show R2Rec outperforms classical and LLM-based baselines with an average $\textbf{10.48%}$ improvement in HitRatio@1 and $\textbf{131.81%}$ gain over the original LLM. Furthermore, the explicit reasoning chains enhance interpretability by revealing the decision process. Our code is available at: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/R2Rec-7C5D.
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