用双向扩散模型生成轨迹,提升离线强化学习的数据多样性。
BiTrajDiff: Bidirectional Trajectory Generation with Diffusion Models for Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 构建前后向扩散过程,同时生成历史与未来轨迹。
- 在D4RL上超越现有数据增强方法,提升策略性能。
- 适合需要提升数据覆盖度的离线强化学习研究者。
离线强化学习近期进展表明,对预收集数据集施加保守约束可促进有效策略学习。然而,此类静态数据集常存在分布偏差,导致泛化能力有限。为解决此问题,数据增强(DA)通过生成模型丰富数据分布成为可行方案。但现有方法仅从给定状态重建未来轨迹,忽视了到达该状态的历史路径探索。这种单向范式限制了多样行为模式的发现,尤其难以捕捉高回报状态的关键路径。本文提出双向轨迹扩散(BiTrajDiff),一种新型离线强化学习数据增强框架,可从任意中间状态建模未来与历史轨迹。具体地,将轨迹生成分解为两个独立且互补的扩散过程:一个生成前向轨迹预测未来动态,另一个生成后向轨迹追溯关键历史转移。BiTrajDiff可利用关键状态作为锚点,扩展至潜在有价值但未充分探索的状态空间区域,从而提升数据多样性。在D4RL基准套件上的大量实验表明,相比其他先进数据增强方法,BiTrajDiff在多种离线强化学习骨干网络上均取得更优表现。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) have proven that effective policy learning can benefit from imposing conservative constraints on pre-collected datasets. However, such static datasets often exhibit distribution bias, resulting in limited generalizability. To address this limitation, a straightforward solution is data augmentation (DA), which leverages generative models to enrich data distribution. Despite the promising results, current DA techniques focus solely on reconstructing future trajectories from given states, while ignoring the exploration of history transitions that reach them. This single-direction paradigm inevitably hinders the discovery of diverse behavior patterns, especially those leading to critical states that may have yielded high-reward outcomes. In this work, we introduce Bidirectional Trajectory Diffusion (BiTrajDiff), a novel DA framework for offline RL that models both future and history trajectories from any intermediate states. Specifically, we decompose the trajectory generation task into two independent yet complementary diffusion processes: one generating forward trajectories to predict future dynamics, and the other generating backward trajectories to trace essential history transitions.BiTrajDiff can efficiently leverage critical states as anchors to expand into potentially valuable yet underexplored regions of the state space, thereby facilitating dataset diversity. Extensive experiments on the D4RL benchmark suite demonstrate that BiTrajDiff achieves superior performance compared to other advanced DA methods across various offline RL backbones.
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