用可学习边界曲线代替密度描述,实现复杂工程优化的精准建模。
LT-PINN: Lagrangian Topology-conscious Physics-informed Neural Network for Boundary-focused Engineering Optimization
- 以边界曲线参数化替代传统密度法,自动学习拓扑形状。
- 相对误差显著降低,复杂边界下仍保持高精度。
- 无需人工干预,适合流场重构等实际工程问题。
物理信息神经网络(PINNs)作为无网格工具,在拓扑优化中可同步求解最优结构与物理场。但传统方法依赖密度描述,需手动插值,难以处理复杂几何。为此,本文提出拉格朗日拓扑感知PINN(LT-PINN),将拓扑边界曲线的控制变量设为可学习参数,避免了手动插值,实现精确边界定位。引入专用边界条件损失和拓扑损失函数,确保复杂拓扑下边界清晰准确。通过弹性方程(狄利克雷边界)与拉普拉斯方程(诺伊曼边界)验证了其准确性与鲁棒性。进一步在时变与非时变流场问题中展示有效性,无需测量数据,成功实现上游均匀流速向下游正弦分布的重构。结果表明:(1) 相比最先进的密度型PINN(DT-PINNs),LT-PINN显著降低相对L2误差;(2) 可处理任意边界条件,适用多种偏微分方程;(3) 无需人工插值即可清晰推断复杂拓扑边界。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful meshless tool for topology optimization, capable of simultaneously determining optimal topologies and physical solutions. However, conventional PINNs rely on density-based topology descriptions, which necessitate manual interpolation and limit their applicability to complex geometries. To address this, we propose Lagrangian topology-conscious PINNs (LT-PINNs), a novel framework for boundary-focused engineering optimization. By parameterizing the control variables of topology boundary curves as learnable parameters, LT-PINNs eliminate the need for manual interpolation and enable precise boundary determination. We further introduce specialized boundary condition loss function and topology loss function to ensure sharp and accurate boundary representations, even for intricate topologies. The accuracy and robustness of LT-PINNs are validated via two types of partial differential equations (PDEs), including elastic equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions and Laplace's equation with Neumann boundary conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate effectiveness of LT-PINNs on more complex time-dependent and time-independent flow problems without relying on measurement data, and showcase their engineering application potential in flow velocity rearrangement, transforming a uniform upstream velocity into a sine-shaped downstream profile. The results demonstrate (1) LT-PINNs achieve substantial reductions in relative L2 errors compared with the state-of-art density topology-oriented PINNs (DT-PINNs), (2) LT-PINNs can handle arbitrary boundary conditions, making them suitable for a wide range of PDEs, and (3) LT-PINNs can infer clear topology boundaries without manual interpolation, especially for complex topologies.
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