arXiv:2506.06944cs.CVcs.AI2025-06中稿 · WACV 2026被引 1

提出PFCF模型,实现高速低延迟的激光雷达目标检测。

Towards Streaming LiDAR Object Detection with Point Clouds as Egocentric Sequences

  • 分层处理:极坐标快速提取局部特征,笛卡尔坐标全图融合
  • 在Waymo数据集上比现有流式方法高10% mAP,速度翻倍
  • 适合自动驾驶实时感知,兼顾精度与响应速度

精确且低延迟的3D目标检测对自动驾驶至关重要,安全依赖于快速响应与可靠感知。尽管旋转式激光雷达因鲁棒性和高保真度被广泛采用,当前检测器面临权衡:流式方法虽可在线处理部分极角扇区以实现快速更新,但存在视野受限、跨扇区依赖缺失及改装笛卡尔设计带来的畸变问题;全扫描方法虽精度更高,却受限于激光雷达一次扫描的固有延迟。本文提出Polar-Fast-Cartesian-Full(PFCF)混合检测器,结合快速极坐标处理与精准笛卡尔推理,实现局部特征高效提取与全局场景理解。核心在于自研基于Mamba SSM的流式骨干网络,采用维度分解卷积避免畸变平面,实现参数高效、平移不变且抗畸变的极坐标表征学习。局部扇区特征通过该骨干提取并缓存至扇区特征缓冲区,进而通过全扫描骨干实现高效跨扇区通信。在Waymo Open数据集上,PFCF建立新的帕累托前沿,相较先前流式基线提升10% mAP,同时保持全扫描精度,更新速率提升两倍。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurate and low-latency 3D object detection is essential for autonomous driving, where safety hinges on both rapid response and reliable perception. While rotating LiDAR sensors are widely adopted for their robustness and fidelity, current detectors face a trade-off: streaming methods process partial polar sectors on the fly for fast updates but suffer from limited visibility, cross-sector dependencies, and distortions from retrofitted Cartesian designs, whereas full-scan methods achieve higher accuracy but are bottlenecked by the inherent latency of a LiDAR revolution. We propose Polar-Fast-Cartesian-Full (PFCF), a hybrid detector that combines fast polar processing for intra-sector feature extraction with accurate Cartesian reasoning for full-scene understanding. Central to PFCF is a custom Mamba SSM-based streaming backbone with dimensionally-decomposed convolutions that avoids distortion-heavy planes, enabling parameter-efficient, translation-invariant, and distortion-robust polar representation learning. Local sector features are extracted via this backbone, then accumulated into a sector feature buffer to enable efficient inter-sector communication through a full-scan backbone. PFCF establishes a new Pareto frontier on the Waymo Open dataset, surpassing prior streaming baselines by 10% mAP and matching full-scan accuracy at twice the update rate. Code is available at \href{https://github.com/meilongzhang/Polar-Hierarchical-Mamba}{https://github.com/meilongzhang/Polar-Hierarchical-Mamba}.

激光雷达检测实时感知多模态融合点云处理

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