arXiv:2506.06980cs.LGcs.AI2025-06被引 2

用注意力机制融合基因组等多组学数据,精准分类胃癌亚型

MoXGATE: Modality-aware cross-attention for multi-omic gastrointestinal cancer sub-type classification

  • 通过模态感知的交叉注意力捕捉不同组学间的依赖关系
  • 在胃肠腺癌数据上达到95%分类准确率,优于现有方法
  • 适合需要多组学整合的癌症精准医疗研究者使用

癌症亚型分类对个性化治疗和预后评估至关重要。然而,基因组、表观基因组和转录组特征的异质性使得多组学数据有效整合仍具挑战。本文提出一种新型深度学习框架MoXGATE,利用交叉注意力和可学习的模态权重,增强多组学来源的特征融合。该方法能有效捕捉跨模态依赖,实现稳健且可解释的集成。在TCGA数据库的胃肠道腺癌(GIAC)和乳腺癌(BRCA)数据集上的实验表明,MoXGATE性能优于现有方法,分类准确率达95%。消融实验验证了交叉注意力优于简单拼接,并揭示了不同组学模态的重要性。此外,模型在未见癌种(如乳腺癌)上也表现良好,展现出强泛化能力。主要贡献包括:(1) 基于交叉注意力的多组学整合框架;(2) 模态加权融合提升可解释性;(3) 引入焦点损失缓解数据不平衡;(4) 在多种癌症亚型中进行验证。结果表明,MoXGATE是一种有前景的多组学癌症亚型分类方法,兼具性能提升与生物泛化性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Cancer subtype classification is crucial for personalized treatment and prognostic assessment. However, effectively integrating multi-omic data remains challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic features. In this work, we propose Modality-Aware Cross-Attention MoXGATE, a novel deep-learning framework that leverages cross-attention and learnable modality weights to enhance feature fusion across multiple omics sources. Our approach effectively captures inter-modality dependencies, ensuring robust and interpretable integration. Through experiments on Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma (GIAC) and Breast Cancer (BRCA) datasets from TCGA, we demonstrate that MoXGATE outperforms existing methods, achieving 95\% classification accuracy. Ablation studies validate the effectiveness of cross-attention over simple concatenation and highlight the importance of different omics modalities. Moreover, our model generalizes well to unseen cancer types e.g., breast cancer, underscoring its adaptability. Key contributions include (1) a cross-attention-based multi-omic integration framework, (2) modality-weighted fusion for enhanced interpretability, (3) application of focal loss to mitigate data imbalance, and (4) validation across multiple cancer subtypes. Our results indicate that MoXGATE is a promising approach for multi-omic cancer subtype classification, offering improved performance and biological generalizability.

癌症分类多组学融合注意力机制

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