arXiv:2506.07135cs.SEcs.AI2025-06中稿 · publication in ASQ…被引 5

用大模型梳理量子编程库迁移中的重构问题,构建可复用的分类体系。

Taxonomy of migration scenarios for Qiskit refactoring using LLMs

  • 通过专家与大模型对比生成迁移问题分类
  • 整合出统一的量子电路重构问题谱系
  • 为自动化重构工具评估提供标准框架

随着量子计算发展,量子编程库的异构性和持续演进给开发者带来新挑战。频繁更新导致已有代码失效,需重构,而此类问题在本质上不同于经典软件工程。本文针对量子电路重构难题,构建了一个系统化分类体系,用于分析和比较不同重构方法。研究利用大语言模型(LLMs)对Qiskit不同版本间的迁移场景进行重构需求分类。基于Qiskit文档和发布说明,分别由专家和LLM生成两个分类体系,并进行对比分析,最终整合成一个统一的分类体系。该体系为未来人工智能辅助迁移研究奠定基础,支持对自动化重构技术的严谨评估。同时,本工作推动了量子软件工程(QSE)的发展,改善开发流程、提升语言兼容性并推广最佳实践。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As quantum computing advances, quantum programming libraries' heterogeneity and steady evolution create new challenges for software developers. Frequent updates in software libraries break working code that needs to be refactored, thus adding complexity to an already complex landscape. These refactoring challenges are, in many cases, fundamentally different from those known in classical software engineering due to the nature of quantum computing software. This study addresses these challenges by developing a taxonomy of quantum circuit's refactoring problems, providing a structured framework to analyze and compare different refactoring approaches. Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven valuable tools for classic software development, yet their value in quantum software engineering remains unexplored. This study uses LLMs to categorize refactoring needs in migration scenarios between different Qiskit versions. Qiskit documentation and release notes were scrutinized to create an initial taxonomy of refactoring required for migrating between Qiskit releases. Two taxonomies were produced: one by expert developers and one by an LLM. These taxonomies were compared, analyzing differences and similarities, and were integrated into a unified taxonomy that reflects the findings of both methods. By systematically categorizing refactoring challenges in Qiskit, the unified taxonomy is a foundation for future research on AI-assisted migration while enabling a more rigorous evaluation of automated refactoring techniques. Additionally, this work contributes to quantum software engineering (QSE) by enhancing software development workflows, improving language compatibility, and promoting best practices in quantum programming.

量子计算大模型应用代码迁移QSE

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