关注被忽视的AI次级利益相关者，探索他们如何争取参与权。
Secondary Stakeholders in AI: Fighting for, Brokering, and Navigating Agency
- 提出知情、同意、自主三原则，定义有意义参与
- 发现三类典型角色：被动数据提供者、孤立行动者、善意实践者
- 揭示系统性障碍下次级利益相关者如何争取主动权
随着AI技术日益面向人类，学界呼吁采用参与式方法推进AI发展，催生了参与式AI理念。然而，现有讨论多聚焦终端用户等主要利益相关者，忽略次级利益相关者。本文通过半结构化访谈，将参与式AI理想拓展至更广泛群体。我们提出有意义参与包含三个核心原则：(1)知情，(2)同意，(3)自主。研究发现，这些原则呈递进关系，如攀登阶梯般层层推进。我们识别出三类典型次级利益相关者原型：不愿贡献数据者、缺乏支持的行动者、善意但受限的实践者。他们需在复杂系统障碍中努力实现与AI系统的自主关系。论文倡导一个未来：让所有受AI影响的人群都能真正参与并掌控技术互动。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As AI technologies become more human-facing, there have been numerous calls to adapt participatory approaches to AI development -- spurring the idea of participatory AI. However, these calls often focus only on primary stakeholders, such as end-users, and not secondary stakeholders. This paper seeks to translate the ideals of participatory AI to a broader population of secondary AI stakeholders through semi-structured interviews. We theorize that meaningful participation involves three participatory ideals: (1) informedness, (2) consent, and (3) agency. We also explore how secondary stakeholders realize these ideals by traversing a complicated problem space. Like walking up the rungs of a ladder, these ideals build on one another. We introduce three stakeholder archetypes: the reluctant data contributor, the unsupported activist, and the well-intentioned practitioner, who must navigate systemic barriers to achieving agentic AI relationships. We envision an AI future where secondary stakeholders are able to meaningfully participate with the AI systems they influence and are influenced by.
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