arXiv:2506.07520cs.SDcs.AI2025-06NeurIPS被引 37

LeVo通过双轨与混合编码提升歌声伴奏和谐度,生成高质量歌曲。

LeVo: High-Quality Song Generation with Multi-Preference Alignment

  • 用双轨和混合令牌并行建模人声与伴奏,避免干扰。
  • 多偏好对齐使生成更符合人类审美,主观评分领先开源模型。
  • 适合音乐生成研究者与想快速创作高品质歌曲的开发者。

近年来,大语言模型和音频语言模型在歌词到歌曲生成方面取得显著进展。然而,现有方法仍受限于歌曲复杂结构和高质量数据稀缺,导致音质、乐感、指令遵循能力及人声伴奏协调性不足。为此,我们提出基于语言模型的LeVo框架,包含LeLM和Music Codec。LeLM采用两种令牌:混合令牌(融合人声与伴奏音频,提升人声伴奏协调性)和双轨令牌(分别编码人声与伴奏,保证高音质)。通过两个解码器仅变压器结构和模块化扩展训练策略,防止不同令牌类型间干扰。为进一步增强乐感与指令遵循能力,引入基于直接偏好优化(DPO)的多偏好对齐方法,结合半自动数据构建与后训练实现多样化人类偏好建模。实验表明,LeVo在客观与主观评估中显著优于现有开源方法,且媲美工业系统。消融实验验证了设计有效性。音频示例与源代码见https://levo-demo.github.io 和 https://github.com/tencent-ailab/songgeneration。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and audio language models have significantly improved music generation, particularly in lyrics-to-song generation. However, existing approaches still struggle with the complex composition of songs and the scarcity of high-quality data, leading to limitations in audio quality, musicality, instruction following, and vocal-instrument harmony. To address these challenges, we introduce LeVo, a language model based framework consisting of LeLM and Music Codec. LeLM is capable of parallel modeling of two types of tokens: mixed tokens, which represent the combined audio of vocals and accompaniment to achieve better vocal-instrument harmony, and dual-track tokens, which separately encode vocals and accompaniment for high-quality song generation. It employs two decoder-only transformers and a modular extension training strategy to prevent interference between different token types. To further enhance musicality and instruction following ability, we introduce a multi-preference alignment method based on Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). This method handles diverse human preferences through a semi-automatic data construction process and post-training. Experimental results demonstrate that LeVo significantly outperforms existing open-source methods in both objective and subjective metrics, while performing competitively with industry systems. Ablation studies further justify the effectiveness of our designs. Audio examples and source code are available at https://levo-demo.github.io and https://github.com/tencent-ailab/songgeneration.

音乐生成语言模型多偏好对齐

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