为小型语言模型构建全生命周期框架，打通研究与应用断层。
Towards a Small Language Model Lifecycle Framework
- 从36篇文献中提炼出模块化生命周期模型
- 涵盖主流程、可选阶段与跨阶段组件，支持方法复用
- 适合模型开发者、工具构建者及研究者参考
背景：对高效可部署语言模型的需求推动了小型语言模型（SLMs）的发展。然而现有研究分散，缺乏统一的生命周期视角。目标：通过整合学术与实践资源，定义小语言模型的完整生命周期框架。方法：系统调研36项相关工作，分析并分类生命周期相关技术。结果：提出一个由主干、可选和跨阶段组件构成的模块化模型，捕捉各阶段间关键关联，支持方法复用、协同适应与生命周期感知。结论：该框架为小语言模型的开发与维护提供连贯基础，弥合理论与实践差距，指导未来研究与工具设计。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Background: The growing demand for efficient and deployable language models has led to increased interest in Small Language Models (SLMs). However, existing research remains fragmented, lacking a unified lifecycle perspective. Objective: This study aims to define a comprehensive lifecycle framework for SLMs by synthesizing insights from academic literature and practitioner sources. Method: We conducted a comprehensive survey of 36 works, analyzing and categorizing lifecycle-relevant techniques. Results: We propose a modular lifecycle model structured into main, optional, and cross-cutting components. The model captures key interconnections across stages, supporting method reuse, co-adaptation, and lifecycle-awareness. Conclusion: Our framework provides a coherent foundation for developing and maintaining SLMs, bridging theory and practice, and guiding future research and tool development.
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