让多智能体系统在复杂环境中更安全地协作,通过引入对称性提升学习效率和泛化能力。
Deep Equivariant Multi-Agent Control Barrier Functions
- 基于对称性设计分布式安全约束网络,提升数据利用效率。
- 在机器人导航任务中实现零样本扩展至更大规模群体,成功率显著提高。
- 适合需要高安全性与可扩展性的自主多智能体系统研究者使用。
随着多智能体系统在复杂环境中大规模自主部署,确保数据驱动策略的安全性至关重要。控制屏障函数(Control Barrier Functions, CBF)已成为强制执行安全约束的有效工具,但现有基于学习的方法常因忽略系统的固有几何结构而面临可扩展性差、泛化能力弱和采样效率低的问题。为此,本文提出融合对称性的分布式控制屏障函数,通过在可学习的图基安全证书上施加内在对称性约束,理论上论证了对称参数化CBF与策略的必要性,并提出一种简单、高效且可适应的构造方法,利用相容群作用构建等变组模块化网络。该方法以分布式方式编码安全约束,实现数据高效的零样本泛化至更大、更密集的集群。在多机器人导航任务的大量仿真中,本方法在安全性、可扩展性和任务成功率方面均优于当前最优基线,凸显了在安全分布式神经策略中嵌入对称性的重要性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With multi-agent systems increasingly deployed autonomously at scale in complex environments, ensuring safety of the data-driven policies is critical. Control Barrier Functions have emerged as an effective tool for enforcing safety constraints, yet existing learning-based methods often lack in scalability, generalization and sampling efficiency as they overlook inherent geometric structures of the system. To address this gap, we introduce symmetries-infused distributed Control Barrier Functions, enforcing the satisfaction of intrinsic symmetries on learnable graph-based safety certificates. We theoretically motivate the need for equivariant parametrization of CBFs and policies, and propose a simple, yet efficient and adaptable methodology for constructing such equivariant group-modular networks via the compatible group actions. This approach encodes safety constraints in a distributed data-efficient manner, enabling zero-shot generalization to larger and denser swarms. Through extensive simulations on multi-robot navigation tasks, we demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in terms of safety, scalability, and task success rates, highlighting the importance of embedding symmetries in safe distributed neural policies.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。