基于策略的轨迹聚类,让离线强化学习数据自动分组。
Policy-Based Trajectory Clustering in Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 用策略生成概率做聚类,通过行为克隆迭代优化。
- 在D4RL和自定义网格环境中实现有效轨迹分组。
- 解决策略冲突导致的聚类歧义,适合离线强化学习研究者。
我们提出一种新的离线强化学习轨迹聚类任务,其中每个聚类中心代表生成该轨迹的策略。利用离线轨迹分布的KL散度与策略诱导分布混合之间的关系,构建自然聚类目标。为此,我们提出Policy-Guided K-means(PG-Kmeans)和Centroid-Attracted Autoencoder(CAAE)。PG-Kmeans通过迭代训练行为克隆(BC)策略并根据策略生成概率分配轨迹;CAAE借鉴VQ-VAE框架,引导轨迹隐表示向特定码本项靠近以实现聚类。理论上,我们证明了PG-Kmeans的有限步收敛性,并指出离线轨迹聚类中的关键挑战:由于策略诱导冲突导致的最优解固有模糊性,可能产生多个结构不同但均有效的聚类结果。实验上,我们在广泛使用的D4RL数据集和自定义GridWorld环境上验证方法。结果表明,两种方法均能有效将轨迹划分为有意义的簇,为基于策略的轨迹聚类提供了一个有前景的框架,具有广泛的离线强化学习应用价值。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce a novel task of clustering trajectories from offline reinforcement learning (RL) datasets, where each cluster center represents the policy that generated its trajectories. By leveraging the connection between the KL-divergence of offline trajectory distributions and a mixture of policy-induced distributions, we formulate a natural clustering objective. To solve this, we propose Policy-Guided K-means (PG-Kmeans) and Centroid-Attracted Autoencoder (CAAE). PG-Kmeans iteratively trains behavior cloning (BC) policies and assigns trajectories based on policy generation probabilities, while CAAE resembles the VQ-VAE framework by guiding the latent representations of trajectories toward the vicinity of specific codebook entries to achieve clustering. Theoretically, we prove the finite-step convergence of PG-Kmeans and identify a key challenge in offline trajectory clustering: the inherent ambiguity of optimal solutions due to policy-induced conflicts, which can result in multiple equally valid but structurally distinct clusterings. Experimentally, we validate our methods on the widely used D4RL dataset and custom GridWorld environments. Our results show that both PG-Kmeans and CAAE effectively partition trajectories into meaningful clusters. They offer a promising framework for policy-based trajectory clustering, with broad applications in offline RL and beyond.
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