通过分析自杀未遂者在YouTube的视频语言,发现新型数字标记。
Bridging Online Behavior and Clinical Insight: A Longitudinal LLM-based Study of Suicidality on YouTube Reveals Novel Digital Markers
- 用大模型自下而上挖掘181个自杀尝试者的视频语言主题。
- 发现'心理健康困扰'和'平台互动'两类主题与自杀相关,且时间变化显著。
- 揭示不同阶段自杀叙事动机差异,适合心理干预研究者参考。
自杀是西方国家主要死因之一。随着社交媒体成为日常生活核心,数字足迹为理解自杀行为提供新视角。本研究聚焦于在上传视频期间经历自杀未遂的个体,探讨其语言模式如何反映自杀行为,并与临床知识是否一致。我们分析了181个自杀尝试频道及134个对照组(包括有既往尝试者、重大生活事件者及匹配对照)。采用自下而上、混合与专家驱动三类方法,基于纵向数据进行研究。自下而上分析中,大模型主题建模识别出166个主题,其中5个与自杀尝试相关,2个呈现显著时间变化(心理健康困扰,OR=1.74;YouTube互动,OR=1.67;p<.01)。混合方法中,临床专家筛选出19个自杀相关主题,但未发现额外显著效应。平台特异性指标‘平台互动’未被专家识别,凸显自下而上发现的价值。自上而下心理叙事分析显示:描述既往尝试者多以助人为主(β=-1.69,p<.01),而当前上传期间尝试者更强调个人康复(β=1.08,p<.01)。综合多方法,构建了连接数字行为与临床洞察的精细化自杀风险图景。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Suicide remains a leading cause of death in Western countries. As social media becomes central to daily life, digital footprints offer valuable insight into suicidal behavior. Focusing on individuals who attempted suicide while uploading videos to their channels, we investigate: How do linguistic patterns on YouTube reflect suicidal behavior, and how do these patterns align with or differ from expert knowledge? We examined linguistic changes around suicide attempts and compared individuals who attempted suicide while actively uploading to their channel with three control groups: those with prior attempts, those experiencing major life events, and matched individuals from the broader cohort. Applying complementary bottom-up, hybrid, and expert-driven approaches, we analyzed a novel longitudinal dataset of 181 suicide-attempt channels and 134 controls. In the bottom-up analysis, LLM-based topic-modeling identified 166 topics; five were linked to suicide attempts, two also showed attempt-related temporal changes (Mental Health Struggles, $OR = 1.74$; YouTube Engagement, $OR = 1.67$; $p < .01$). In the hybrid approach, clinical experts reviewed LLM-derived topics and flagged 19 as suicide-related. However, none showed significant effects beyond those identified bottom-up. YouTube Engagement, a platform-specific indicator, was not flagged, underscoring the value of bottom-up discovery. A top-down psychological assessment of suicide narratives revealed differing motivations: individuals describing prior attempts aimed to help others ($β=-1.69$, $p<.01$), whereas those attempted during the uploading period emphasized personal recovery ($β=1.08$, $p<.01$). By integrating these approaches, we offer a nuanced understanding of suicidality, bridging digital behavior and clinical insights.
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