arXiv:2506.11903cs.CL2025-06被引 6

GeistBERT用1.3TB德语文本训练,提升德语自然语言处理性能。

GeistBERT: Breathing Life into German NLP

  • 基于RoBERTa架构,在1.3TB德语文本上增量训练,采用全词掩码。
  • 在德语分类和命名实体识别任务中达到当前最优,超越多个更大模型。
  • 适合需要高精度德语NLP的科研与工业应用,开源可复用。

基于Transformer的语言模型进展表明,针对高质量语料库进行语言特定预训练具有显著优势。在此背景下,德语自然语言处理可通过更新的架构和符合德语语言特征的现代数据集获益。GeistBERT通过在多样化语料库上逐步训练并优化多种NLP任务的表现,旨在提升德语语言处理能力。我们使用fairseq以RoBERTa base配置、全词掩码(WWM)对GeistBERT进行预训练,并从GottBERT权重初始化。模型在1.3TB德语文本上训练,采用动态掩码和固定序列长度512个标记。评估时,我们在标准下游任务上微调模型,包括命名实体识别(CoNLL 2003、GermEval 2014)、文本分类(GermEval 2018粗/细粒度、10kGNAD)以及自然语言推理(German XNLI),以F₁分数和准确率为评价指标。GeistBERT在所有任务中表现优异,成为基线模型中的领先者,并在GermEval 2018细粒度文本分类中创下新SOTA。其在分类基准上的表现甚至优于多个更大规模模型。为支持德语NLP研究,我们以MIT许可证发布GeistBERT。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Advances in transformer-based language models have highlighted the benefits of language-specific pre-training on high-quality corpora. In this context, German NLP stands to gain from updated architectures and modern datasets tailored to the linguistic characteristics of the German language. GeistBERT seeks to improve German language processing by incrementally training on a diverse corpus and optimizing model performance across various NLP tasks. We pre-trained GeistBERT using fairseq, following the RoBERTa base configuration with Whole Word Masking (WWM), and initialized from GottBERT weights. The model was trained on a 1.3 TB German corpus with dynamic masking and a fixed sequence length of 512 tokens. For evaluation, we fine-tuned the model on standard downstream tasks, including NER (CoNLL 2003, GermEval 2014), text classification (GermEval 2018 coarse/fine, 10kGNAD), and NLI (German XNLI), using $F_1$ score and accuracy as evaluation metrics. GeistBERT achieved strong results across all tasks, leading among base models and setting a new state-of-the-art (SOTA) in GermEval 2018 fine text classification. It also outperformed several larger models, particularly in classification benchmarks. To support research in German NLP, we release GeistBERT under the MIT license.

德语NLPBERT预训练模型文本分类

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