构建可扩展的经济仿真平台，支持复杂政策模拟与智能体协同研究。
EconGym: A Scalable AI Testbed with Diverse Economic Tasks
- 基于11类经济主体构建模块化仿真环境，支持灵活组合与多智能体交互。
- 可支撑25+经济任务，实现跨领域政策优化，10,000智能体规模下高效运行。
- 融合经典经济理论与AI算法，适合政策研究、多智能体学习等方向探索。
人工智能已成为经济研究的重要工具，可实现大规模模拟与政策优化。然而，现有仿真平台多限于简化、单一任务，难以应对人口变化、多政府协调及大规模代理互动等复杂经济挑战。为此，我们提出EconGym，一个可扩展、模块化的测试平台，将多样化的经济任务与AI算法相连接。该平台基于严谨的经济建模，实现了11种异构角色类型（如家庭、企业、银行、政府），包含明确的观测、动作与奖励机制。用户可灵活组合经济角色与不同代理算法，模拟25个以上经济任务下的多智能体轨迹，用于AI驱动的政策学习与分析。实验表明，EconGym支持跨领域任务（如财政、养老金、货币政策协调），并可实现对AI、经济方法及混合方法的基准测试。结果表明，更丰富的任务组合与算法多样性能拓展政策空间，而受经典经济方法引导的AI代理在复杂场景中表现最佳。平台还支持10,000智能体规模，兼具高真实感与高效率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a powerful tool for economic research, enabling large-scale simulation and policy optimization. However, applying AI effectively requires simulation platforms for scalable training and evaluation-yet existing environments remain limited to simplified, narrowly scoped tasks, falling short of capturing complex economic challenges such as demographic shifts, multi-government coordination, and large-scale agent interactions. To address this gap, we introduce EconGym, a scalable and modular testbed that connects diverse economic tasks with AI algorithms. Grounded in rigorous economic modeling, EconGym implements 11 heterogeneous role types (e.g., households, firms, banks, governments), their interaction mechanisms, and agent models with well-defined observations, actions, and rewards. Users can flexibly compose economic roles with diverse agent algorithms to simulate rich multi-agent trajectories across 25+ economic tasks for AI-driven policy learning and analysis. Experiments show that EconGym supports diverse and cross-domain tasks-such as coordinating fiscal, pension, and monetary policies-and enables benchmarking across AI, economic methods, and hybrids. Results indicate that richer task composition and algorithm diversity expand the policy space, while AI agents guided by classical economic methods perform best in complex settings. EconGym also scales to 10k agents with high realism and efficiency.
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