用可变形2D高斯点云加速无线辐射场建模,实现实时信号预测。
Rasterizing Wireless Radiance Field via Deformable 2D Gaussian Splatting
- 引入可变形2D高斯点云实现无线辐射场高效建模
- 渲染速度达10万帧/秒,比现有方法快500倍
- 适用于移动设备场景下的角度和信号强度预测
无线辐射场(WRF)建模是现代通信系统的基础,支持定位、感知和信道估计等关键任务。传统方法依赖经验公式或物理仿真,精度有限且需强场景先验;基于神经辐射场(NeRF)的方法虽提升重建质量,但依赖计算昂贵的多层感知机(MLP)查询,难以实时部署。为此,本文首次将高斯点云(GS)引入无线领域,提出SwiftWRF——一种可变形2D高斯点云框架,可在单侧收发器移动下合成任意位置的WRF频谱。该方法采用CUDA加速的光栅化技术,实现超过100,000 fps的渲染速度,并通过轻量级MLP建模2D高斯的形变,有效捕捉移动引起的WRF变化。除新颖的频谱合成外,SwiftWRF在到达角(AoA)和接收信号强度指示(RSSI)预测中也表现优异。真实与合成室内场景的实验表明,其重建速度比现有最优方法快500倍,同时显著提升信号质量。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modeling the wireless radiance field (WRF) is fundamental to modern communication systems, enabling key tasks such as localization, sensing, and channel estimation. Traditional approaches, which rely on empirical formulas or physical simulations, often suffer from limited accuracy or require strong scene priors. Recent neural radiance field (NeRF-based) methods improve reconstruction fidelity through differentiable volumetric rendering, but their reliance on computationally expensive multilayer perceptron (MLP) queries hinders real-time deployment. To overcome these challenges, we introduce Gaussian splatting (GS) to the wireless domain, leveraging its efficiency in modeling optical radiance fields to enable compact and accurate WRF reconstruction. Specifically, we propose SwiftWRF, a deformable 2D Gaussian splatting framework that synthesizes WRF spectra at arbitrary positions under single-sided transceiver mobility. SwiftWRF employs CUDA-accelerated rasterization to render spectra at over 100000 fps and uses a lightweight MLP to model the deformation of 2D Gaussians, effectively capturing mobility-induced WRF variations. In addition to novel spectrum synthesis, the efficacy of SwiftWRF is further underscored in its applications in angle-of-arrival (AoA) and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) prediction. Experiments conducted on both real-world and synthetic indoor scenes demonstrate that SwiftWRF can reconstruct WRF spectra up to 500x faster than existing state-of-the-art methods, while significantly enhancing its signal quality. The project page is https://evan-sudo.github.io/swiftwrf/.
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