提出元认知助手，帮设计师更反思性地使用生成式AI设计工具
Exploring the Potential of Metacognitive Support Agents for Human-AI Co-Creation
- 设计元认知支持代理，帮助用户在使用AI时保持思考与控制
- 有辅助的用户产出更多可行设计，不同策略效果差异明显
- 适合希望提升人机协作质量的工业设计与AI工具研发者
尽管生成式AI（GenAI）设计工具具有提升设计流程的潜力，专业人士在将AI融入工作流时仍面临诸多认知挑战。核心问题包括需提前明确所有设计标准作为独立参数（意图表述），以及因认知卸载导致设计师参与度下降，进而引发问题探索不足、需求描述不充分和结果评估能力弱化。为应对这些挑战，我们设想新型元认知支持代理，协助设计师以更反思的方式与GenAI协作。为此，我们通过20名机械设计师参与的“巫师奥兹”诱导研究，探索多种元认知支持策略。结果表明，获得代理支持的用户比无支持者产生更多可行设计，且不同支持策略影响各异。基于此，我们讨论了元认知支持代理的机遇与权衡，以及未来基于AI的设计工具应考虑的关键因素。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Despite the potential of generative AI (GenAI) design tools to enhance design processes, professionals often struggle to integrate AI into their workflows. Fundamental cognitive challenges include the need to specify all design criteria as distinct parameters upfront (intent formulation) and designers' reduced cognitive involvement in the design process due to cognitive offloading, which can lead to insufficient problem exploration, underspecification, and limited ability to evaluate outcomes. Motivated by these challenges, we envision novel metacognitive support agents that assist designers in working more reflectively with GenAI. To explore this vision, we conducted exploratory prototyping through a Wizard of Oz elicitation study with 20 mechanical designers probing multiple metacognitive support strategies. We found that agent-supported users created more feasible designs than non-supported users, with differing impacts between support strategies. Based on these findings, we discuss opportunities and tradeoffs of metacognitive support agents and considerations for future AI-based design tools.
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