多波段鬼成像突破传统成像限制，实现低损伤、高穿透成像。
Multi-wavelength ghost imaging: a review
- 利用单像素探测器通过强度相关性成像，适配从极紫外到太赫兹的全谱段
- 在可见光/近红外下实现雾中视频级激光雷达，在中红外中实现弱光分子识别
- 适合需要低剂量、强穿透或无阵列传感器场景的科研与工业应用
鬼成像（GI）通过单像素探测器采集的强度相关数据形成图像，实现照明与探测解耦。自其量子光子起源以来，该技术已发展出经典伪热、计算及深度学习等多种形式，覆盖从极紫外（XUV）到太赫兹（THz）甚至物质波的空前波段范围。本文回顾其演进历程，强调波长如何影响调制器、探测器与传播物理，并决定可实现的穿透深度、分辨率与剂量。综述了X射线/XUV系统实现低损伤显微，可见/近红外系统在雾中实现视频速率激光雷达，中红外平台在光子匮乏条件下提取分子指纹，以及太赫兹方案对隐藏结构的非破坏性检测。这些进展使多波段鬼成像成为传统焦平面阵列失效场景下的多功能、低剂量替代方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Ghost imaging (GI) forms images from intensity-correlation data collected by a single-pixel detector, decoupling illumination and sensing. Since its quantum-photon origins, the technique has evolved through classical pseudothermal, computational and deep-learning variants to span an unprecedented spectral range--from extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) to terahertz (THz) waves and even matter waves. This review traces that evolution, highlighting how wavelength dictates modulators, detectors and propagation physics and, in turn, the attainable penetration depth, resolution and dose. We survey X-ray/XUV implementations that deliver low-damage microscopy, visible/near-IR systems that achieve video-rate lidar through fog and water, mid-IR platforms that extract molecular fingerprints in photon-starved conditions, and THz schemes that provide non-destructive inspection of concealed structures. These advances collectively position multi-wavelength GI as a versatile, low-dose alternative wherever conventional focal-plane arrays falter.
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