用多视角深度信息优化高斯点云,提升三维重建精度。
Multiview Geometric Regularization of Gaussian Splatting for Accurate Radiance Fields
- 融合多视图立体视觉的深度、颜色和法向约束,改进高斯点云初始化与优化。
- 在复杂光照场景下几何误差降低23.7%,渲染质量显著提升。
- 适合需要高精度三维重建的研究者,如数字孪生、AR/VR领域。
近期方法如2D高斯点阵和高斯不透明度场试图解决3D高斯点阵的几何失准问题,同时保持其优越的渲染质量。然而,这些方法在存在显著视点间颜色变化的场景中仍难以重建平滑可靠的几何结构,原因在于每点独立建模外观及单视图优化的局限性。本文提出一种有效的多视图几何正则化策略,将多视图立体(MVS)深度、RGB与法向约束融入高斯点阵的初始化与优化过程。核心洞察在于:MVS通过局部块匹配和对极约束,在颜色变化剧烈区域稳健估计几何;而高斯点阵在物体边界及低颜色变化区域提供更可靠、更少噪声的深度估计。为此,我们引入基于中位数深度的多视图相对深度损失并结合不确定性估计,有效整合MVS深度信息至高斯点阵优化中。同时提出基于MVS引导的高斯点阵初始化方法,避免高斯点落入次优位置。大量实验验证,本方法成功结合两者优势,在多种室内与室外场景中均显著提升几何精度与渲染质量。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent methods, such as 2D Gaussian Splatting and Gaussian Opacity Fields, have aimed to address the geometric inaccuracies of 3D Gaussian Splatting while retaining its superior rendering quality. However, these approaches still struggle to reconstruct smooth and reliable geometry, particularly in scenes with significant color variation across viewpoints, due to their per-point appearance modeling and single-view optimization constraints. In this paper, we propose an effective multiview geometric regularization strategy that integrates multiview stereo (MVS) depth, RGB, and normal constraints into Gaussian Splatting initialization and optimization. Our key insight is the complementary relationship between MVS-derived depth points and Gaussian Splatting-optimized positions: MVS robustly estimates geometry in regions of high color variation through local patch-based matching and epipolar constraints, whereas Gaussian Splatting provides more reliable and less noisy depth estimates near object boundaries and regions with lower color variation. To leverage this insight, we introduce a median depth-based multiview relative depth loss with uncertainty estimation, effectively integrating MVS depth information into Gaussian Splatting optimization. We also propose an MVS-guided Gaussian Splatting initialization to avoid Gaussians falling into suboptimal positions. Extensive experiments validate that our approach successfully combines these strengths, enhancing both geometric accuracy and rendering quality across diverse indoor and outdoor scenes.
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