arXiv:2506.14243cs.CV2025-06

用弹性神经点构建多尺度几何层次,提升激光雷达定位的稳定性与鲁棒性。

Multi-Representation Geometric Hierarchy Fusion: An Implicit-Submap Driven Framework for Resilient 3D Place Recognition

  • 引入弹性神经点隐式表示,缓解点云密度变化带来的特征不稳
  • 融合俯视图布局与三维簇表面几何,构建互补描述子
  • 在KITTI等数据集上表现稳定,适合长期无GPS自动驾驶场景

基于激光雷达的地点识别对无GPS环境下的长期自主驾驶至关重要。现有手工设计特征方法面临双重局限:一是因运动和环境变化导致重复行驶时点云密度不一致,引发描述子不稳定;二是复杂场景中依赖单一层次几何抽象,易造成表征脆弱。为此,本文提出一种新型3D地点识别框架,采用弹性神经点构建隐式3D表示,降低输入密度变化影响,并为描述子构造提供更规整的几何证据。由此衍生出占用网格与法向量,实现宏观空间布局(俯视视角)与微观表面几何(3D簇)的融合描述子构建。在KITTI、KITTI-360、MulRan和NCLT等多个数据集上的广泛评估表明,该方法相较代表性手工与学习型基线具备竞争力且鲁棒性更强。结果表明,该框架在识别精度、运行效率与地图内存开销间取得良好平衡,尤其在密度变化与视角变换下表现更优。代码即将开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

LiDAR-based place recognition is critical for long-term autonomous driving without GPS. Existing handcrafted feature methods face dual limitations. First, descriptor instability occurs due to inconsistent point cloud density from motion and environmental changes during repeated traversals. Second, representation fragility arises from reliance on single-level geometric abstractions in complex scenes. To overcome these, we propose a novel framework for 3D place recognition. We introduce an implicit 3D representation using elastic neural points. This representation is designed to reduce the influence of input-density variations and to provide more regular geometric evidence for descriptor construction. From this, we derive occupancy grids and normal vectors. These enable the construction of fused descriptors that integrate complementary perspectives: macro-level spatial layouts from a bird's-eye view and micro-scale surface geometries from 3D clusters. Extensive evaluations on diverse datasets, including KITTI, KITTI-360, MulRan, and NCLT, demonstrate that the proposed method achieves competitive and robust performance compared with representative handcrafted and learning-based baselines. The results suggest that the proposed framework provides a favorable trade-off among recognition accuracy, runtime efficiency, and map memory footprint. It also shows improved robustness under density variations and viewpoint changes in the evaluated scenarios. The code will be released soon.

3D定位激光雷达几何融合鲁棒识别

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。